The ultimate goal of research in education is to generate knowledge and insights that can be used to improve educational policies and practices, leading to better learning outcomes for students.

Survey research is a quantitative research method that involves collecting data from a large number of participants using structured questionnaires or surveys to gather numerical data.

Qualitative research aims to understand the subjective experiences, beliefs, and perceptions of individuals or groups, providing insights into their lived experiences and perspectives.

In a sequential explanatory design, researchers collect quantitative data first, followed by qualitative data, to gain a deeper understanding of the findings from the quantitative phase.

Data analysis involves organizing, cleaning, and transforming raw data into meaningful information to identify patterns, trends, and relationships.

Internal validity refers to the extent to which a study's findings are accurate and not influenced by confounding factors or biases.

Sampling involves selecting a representative subset of a population to participate in a research study.

Interviews are a qualitative data collection method that involves asking open-ended questions to participants to gather their subjective experiences and perspectives.

Research design involves developing a detailed plan for conducting a research study, including the research question, methodology, data collection methods, and analysis techniques.

Factor analysis is a quantitative data analysis technique used to identify underlying factors or dimensions that explain the relationships among a set of variables.

Data interpretation involves drawing conclusions and making generalizations based on the analyzed data to answer the research question and contribute to the existing body of knowledge.

Social desirability bias occurs when participants provide responses that they believe are socially acceptable or desirable, rather than their true opinions or experiences.

A systematic review involves a rigorous and transparent process of searching, selecting, and critically evaluating existing research studies to provide a comprehensive overview of the available evidence on a specific topic.

Experimental research involves manipulating an independent variable to observe its effect on a dependent variable, allowing researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Observational research involves collecting data in a natural setting without manipulating variables, allowing researchers to study phenomena as they occur naturally.