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Spectrophotometry

Description: This quiz is designed to assess your understanding of the principles and applications of spectrophotometry, a technique used to measure the absorption or transmission of light by a sample.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: spectrophotometry light absorption beer-lambert law chromophores quantitative analysis
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What is the fundamental principle behind spectrophotometry?

  1. The absorption of light by a sample is directly proportional to its concentration.

  2. The transmission of light through a sample is inversely proportional to its concentration.

  3. The color of a sample is determined by the wavelength of light it absorbs.

  4. The refractive index of a sample is affected by the wavelength of light it absorbs.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Spectrophotometry is based on the Beer-Lambert Law, which states that the absorbance of a sample is directly proportional to its concentration and the path length of the light beam through the sample.

What is the relationship between absorbance and transmittance?

  1. Absorbance and transmittance are directly proportional.

  2. Absorbance and transmittance are inversely proportional.

  3. Absorbance and transmittance are independent of each other.

  4. Absorbance and transmittance are related by a logarithmic function.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Absorbance and transmittance are related by the equation A = -log(T), where A is absorbance, T is transmittance, and log is the common logarithm.

What is the Beer-Lambert Law?

  1. A law that relates the absorbance of a sample to its concentration and the path length of the light beam.

  2. A law that relates the transmittance of a sample to its concentration and the path length of the light beam.

  3. A law that relates the color of a sample to its concentration and the path length of the light beam.

  4. A law that relates the refractive index of a sample to its concentration and the path length of the light beam.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Beer-Lambert Law states that the absorbance of a sample is directly proportional to its concentration and the path length of the light beam through the sample.

What is the relationship between the wavelength of light and the absorption of a sample?

  1. The wavelength of light has no effect on the absorption of a sample.

  2. The wavelength of light is directly proportional to the absorption of a sample.

  3. The wavelength of light is inversely proportional to the absorption of a sample.

  4. The relationship between the wavelength of light and the absorption of a sample depends on the chromophores present in the sample.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The relationship between the wavelength of light and the absorption of a sample depends on the chromophores present in the sample. Chromophores are groups of atoms or molecules that absorb light at specific wavelengths.

What are the main applications of spectrophotometry?

  1. Quantitative analysis of chemical compounds.

  2. Qualitative analysis of chemical compounds.

  3. Structural analysis of chemical compounds.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Spectrophotometry is used for quantitative analysis (determining the concentration of a substance), qualitative analysis (identifying the presence of a substance), and structural analysis (determining the structure of a substance).

What is the difference between a spectrophotometer and a colorimeter?

  1. A spectrophotometer measures the absorption of light at specific wavelengths, while a colorimeter measures the overall color of a sample.

  2. A spectrophotometer measures the transmission of light at specific wavelengths, while a colorimeter measures the overall color of a sample.

  3. A spectrophotometer measures the absorbance of light at specific wavelengths, while a colorimeter measures the overall color of a sample.

  4. A spectrophotometer measures the transmittance of light at specific wavelengths, while a colorimeter measures the overall color of a sample.

Show answer
Correct Option:
Explanation:

A spectrophotometer measures the absorbance or transmittance of light at specific wavelengths, while a colorimeter measures the overall color of a sample by measuring the intensity of light at three specific wavelengths (red, green, and blue).

What is a chromophore?

  1. A group of atoms or molecules that absorbs light at specific wavelengths.

  2. A group of atoms or molecules that transmits light at specific wavelengths.

  3. A group of atoms or molecules that reflects light at specific wavelengths.

  4. A group of atoms or molecules that scatters light at specific wavelengths.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A chromophore is a group of atoms or molecules that absorbs light at specific wavelengths. Chromophores are responsible for the color of a compound.

What is the difference between a qualitative and quantitative analysis in spectrophotometry?

  1. Qualitative analysis determines the presence or absence of a substance, while quantitative analysis determines the amount of a substance.

  2. Qualitative analysis determines the concentration of a substance, while quantitative analysis determines the amount of a substance.

  3. Qualitative analysis determines the structure of a substance, while quantitative analysis determines the amount of a substance.

  4. Qualitative analysis determines the color of a substance, while quantitative analysis determines the amount of a substance.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Qualitative analysis determines the presence or absence of a substance, while quantitative analysis determines the amount of a substance.

What is the path length in spectrophotometry?

  1. The distance between the sample and the detector.

  2. The distance between the light source and the sample.

  3. The distance between the light source and the detector.

  4. The distance between the sample and the light source.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The path length in spectrophotometry is the distance between the sample and the detector.

What is the relationship between absorbance and concentration in spectrophotometry?

  1. Absorbance is directly proportional to concentration.

  2. Absorbance is inversely proportional to concentration.

  3. Absorbance is independent of concentration.

  4. Absorbance is related to concentration by a logarithmic function.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Absorbance is directly proportional to concentration according to the Beer-Lambert Law.

What is the SI unit of absorbance?

  1. Absorbance unit (AU)

  2. Molar absorptivity (ε)

  3. Extinction coefficient (k)

  4. Transmittance (T)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The SI unit of absorbance is the absorbance unit (AU).

What is the relationship between transmittance and concentration in spectrophotometry?

  1. Transmittance is directly proportional to concentration.

  2. Transmittance is inversely proportional to concentration.

  3. Transmittance is independent of concentration.

  4. Transmittance is related to concentration by a logarithmic function.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Transmittance is inversely proportional to concentration according to the Beer-Lambert Law.

What is the relationship between molar absorptivity and concentration in spectrophotometry?

  1. Molar absorptivity is directly proportional to concentration.

  2. Molar absorptivity is inversely proportional to concentration.

  3. Molar absorptivity is independent of concentration.

  4. Molar absorptivity is related to concentration by a logarithmic function.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Molar absorptivity is a constant that is independent of concentration.

What is the relationship between extinction coefficient and concentration in spectrophotometry?

  1. Extinction coefficient is directly proportional to concentration.

  2. Extinction coefficient is inversely proportional to concentration.

  3. Extinction coefficient is independent of concentration.

  4. Extinction coefficient is related to concentration by a logarithmic function.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Extinction coefficient is a constant that is independent of concentration.

What is the relationship between absorbance and transmittance in spectrophotometry?

  1. Absorbance and transmittance are directly proportional.

  2. Absorbance and transmittance are inversely proportional.

  3. Absorbance and transmittance are independent of each other.

  4. Absorbance and transmittance are related by a logarithmic function.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Absorbance and transmittance are inversely proportional according to the equation A = -log(T).

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