Ray tracing aims to accurately simulate the way light travels through a scene, taking into account the properties of objects and materials to produce realistic images.

Ray-object intersection is a crucial step in ray tracing, where the algorithm determines whether a ray intersects with an object in the scene and calculates the point of intersection.

Ray-object intersection algorithms are used to determine whether a ray intersects with an object in the scene, which is essential for determining the visibility of objects and generating accurate images.

The Möller-Trumbore algorithm is a widely used ray-object intersection algorithm known for its efficiency and accuracy in calculating intersections between rays and objects.

Shading algorithms in ray tracing are used to calculate the illumination of a surface at a given point, taking into account factors such as the surface's material properties, light sources, and shadows.

Phong shading is a widely used shading algorithm in ray tracing that interpolates the normal vectors of a surface to calculate the illumination at each pixel, resulting in smooth shading effects.

Shadow algorithms in ray tracing are used to determine whether a point on a surface is in shadow, taking into account the position of light sources and objects in the scene.

The ray shadow algorithm is a widely used shadow algorithm in ray tracing that casts rays from a point on a surface towards light sources to determine if the point is in shadow.

Reflection algorithms in ray tracing are used to simulate the reflection of light rays from surfaces, allowing for the creation of realistic reflections and glossy materials.

Phong reflection is a widely used reflection algorithm in ray tracing that approximates the reflection of light rays based on the surface's normal vector and the direction of the light source.

Refraction algorithms in ray tracing are used to simulate the refraction of light rays when they pass from one medium to another, allowing for the creation of realistic transparent and translucent materials.

Snell's law is a widely used refraction algorithm in ray tracing that calculates the direction of a refracted ray based on the incident ray's direction, the surface's normal vector, and the refractive indices of the two media.

Global illumination algorithms in ray tracing simulate the effects of indirect lighting, such as diffuse inter-reflections and caustics, to produce more realistic and physically accurate images.

Path tracing is a widely used global illumination algorithm in ray tracing that simulates the path of light rays through a scene by randomly sampling light paths and estimating the contribution of each path to the final image.

Acceleration structures in ray tracing are used to organize and preprocess the scene geometry to improve the efficiency of ray-object intersection calculations, resulting in faster rendering times.

Bounding volume hierarchy (BVH) is a widely used acceleration structure in ray tracing that organizes the scene geometry into a hierarchical structure of bounding volumes to efficiently eliminate non-intersecting objects from ray-object intersection calculations.