Geomorphic philosophy explores the philosophical underpinnings of geomorphic research, such as the nature of geomorphic processes, the role of time and space in geomorphic systems, and the relationship between geomorphology and other disciplines.

Grove Karl Gilbert proposed the concept of dynamic equilibrium, which states that landforms are constantly being shaped by opposing forces, such as erosion and deposition, and that these forces are in a state of balance over time.

Probabilistic geomorphology recognizes that geomorphic processes are influenced by both deterministic factors (e.g., climate, geology) and stochastic factors (e.g., chance events), and that the resulting landforms are a product of the interaction between these two types of processes.

Yi-Fu Tuan explored the relationship between humans and the geomorphic environment, arguing that landforms are not simply physical objects but also have cultural and symbolic meanings that are shaped by human interaction.

Neotectonics is the study of recent tectonic activity and its impact on landforms. It recognizes that tectonic forces can play a significant role in shaping landforms, even in areas that are not currently experiencing major tectonic events.

William Morris Davis proposed the concept of the geomorphic cycle, which describes the sequence of landform evolution under the influence of climate and other geomorphic processes.

Biogeomorphology is the study of the interaction between vegetation and geomorphic processes. It recognizes that vegetation can play a significant role in shaping landforms, such as by stabilizing slopes and influencing erosion rates.

Yi-Fu Tuan explored the relationship between humans and the geomorphic environment, arguing that landforms are not simply physical objects but also have cultural and symbolic meanings that are shaped by human interaction.

Pyrogeomorphology is the study of the interaction between fire and geomorphic processes. It recognizes that fire can play a significant role in shaping landforms, such as by creating new landforms (e.g., volcanic cones) and modifying existing landforms (e.g., by burning vegetation and exposing bedrock).

Yi-Fu Tuan explored the relationship between humans and the geomorphic environment, arguing that landforms are not simply physical objects but also have cultural and symbolic meanings that are shaped by human interaction.

Hydrogeomorphology is the study of the interaction between water and geomorphic processes. It recognizes that water can play a significant role in shaping landforms, such as by eroding and depositing sediment and creating new landforms (e.g., deltas and floodplains).

J. Harlen Bretz proposed the concept of catastrophic flooding as a mechanism for shaping landforms, particularly in the context of the Channeled Scablands in Washington State. He argued that massive floods, caused by the sudden release of water from glacial lakes, could rapidly erode and transport large volumes of sediment, creating unique landforms.

Aeolian geomorphology is the study of the interaction between wind and geomorphic processes. It recognizes that wind can play a significant role in shaping landforms, such as by eroding and depositing sediment and creating new landforms (e.g., sand dunes and loess deposits).

Yi-Fu Tuan explored the relationship between humans and the geomorphic environment, arguing that landforms are not simply physical objects but also have cultural and symbolic meanings that are shaped by human interaction.

Gravitational geomorphology is the study of the interaction between gravity and geomorphic processes. It recognizes that gravity can play a significant role in shaping landforms, such as by causing landslides and rockfalls and creating new landforms (e.g., alluvial fans and talus slopes).