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Plant Morphology

Description: This test is based on plant morphology which is highly useful for medical aspirants.
Number of Questions: 25
Created by:
Tags: Leaves roots stem etc Leaf Fruit Inflorescence Inflorescence and Its Types Root Roots
Attempted 0/25 Correct 0 Score 0

When axillary bud develops into woody straight & pointed structure, it is called

  1. thorn

  2. spine

  3. prickle

  4. spinescent


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is a modified axillary bud, which is stiffened and terminates in a sharp point. It may be simple or branched.

Which among the following leaves is heart shaped?

  1. Cordate

  2. Acute

  3. Acicular

  4. Digitate


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

These leaves are heart-shaped having a petiole or stem attached to the cleft of the leave.

Which among the following processes may cause abscission of the leaf?

  1. A leaf gap

  2. A leaf curl

  3. A leaf mold

  4. A leaf scorch


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

It is defined as darkening of plant tissues, including leaf margins and tips, and yellowing of veins which may cause to abscission of the leaf.

The leaves present in Albizia (silk tree) are

  1. pinnatifid leaves

  2. bipinnately compound

  3. trifoliate

  4. palmately compound


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

These leaves are divided twicely. Each single leaflet is known as pinnule. The pinnules present over the secondary vein are known as pinna as in Albizia.

Which among the following can be excluded from the category of rhizomes?

  1. Curcuma longa

  2. Maranta arundinacea

  3. Zingiber officinale

  4. Dioscorea


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Its common name is Yam. These are perennial herbaceous vines being potentially cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers.

Which among the following stem modifications also acts as a means of asexual reproduction in plants?

  1. Bulb

  2. Corm

  3. Rhizome

  4. Tubers


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

These are the modified plant structures adapted to store nutrients. They help the plants to survive in adverse climatic conditions. They are also the means of asexual reproduction in plants.

Urtica is a herbaceous perennial plant. Which type of leaves is present in Urtica?

  1. Palmately lobed leaves

  2. Serrate leaves

  3. Sinuate leaves

  4. Pungent leaves


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

These leaves are saw-toothed with asymmetrical teeth reaching forward. These leaves are present in Urtica.

Banana & Apple are the examples of

  1. accessory fruit

  2. multiple fruit

  3. aggregate fruit

  4. simple fruit


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

These fruits may be either dry or fleshy, and originate from the ripening of a simple or compound ovary in a flower having one pistil only, e.g. Banana,apple etc.

Which among the following simple fruits is mainly dehiscent?

  1. Achene

  2. Capsule

  3. Caryopsis

  4. Nut


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It is a type of simple, dry fruit which is consisted of two or more carpel. It is mainly dehiscent, e.g. Poppy, Lily, etc.

Which of the following leaves is arrowhead-shaped?

  1. Sagittate

  2. Rhomboid

  3. Reniform

  4. Spatulate


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

These leaves are thick, broad & arrowhead-shaped.

Which among the following fruits is a type of modified legume?

  1. Drupe

  2. Follicle

  3. Loment

  4. Berry


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

It is a type of modified legume that breaks apart at limitations taking place between the segments of the seeds. It is a dehiscent.

Which of the following simple fruits is known as a winged achene?

  1. Samara

  2. Schizocarp

  3. Silique

  4. Legume


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is a type of fruit in which a compressed wing of fibrous, soft tissue develops from the ovary wall. It is a simple dry fruit and indehiscent. It is a winged achene, e.g. Maple, Ash, etc.

Which of the following is defined as an array of leaves?

  1. Epicotyl

  2. Hypocotyl

  3. Epigeal

  4. Fascicle


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

It is defined as an array of leaves or flowers, or of the vascular tissues providing these organs with essential nutrients.

Which among the following structures is a characteristic of grasses?

  1. Awn

  2. Auricle

  3. Aril

  4. Areoles


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is either a hair or bristle-like protuberance on a larger structure, or in the case of the Asteraceae, a stiff needle-like element of the pappus. These are characteristics of grasses.

Which among the following is an inflorescence?

  1. Obconic

  2. Ocrea

  3. Orbicules

  4. Panicle


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

It is a branched group of flowers in which the branches are racemes. It is a much-branched indeterminate inflorescence.

The buds of which of the following plants can survive through the harsh period?

  1. Mesophytes

  2. Helophyte

  3. Hemiepiphyte

  4. Phreatophyte


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

These are the biennial or herbaceous plant whose buds survive a harsh period, such as winter, e.g. Sweet flag.

Which of the following is a part of the spikelet of grasses?

  1. Labellum

  2. Lemma

  3. Lignotuber

  4. Ligule


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It is a phytomorphological term used to describe a part of the spikelet of grasses. It is the lowermost of two chaff-like foliole surrounding the grass floret.

The aerial roots present in Mistletoe are

  1. propagative roots

  2. haustorial roots

  3. stranglers

  4. pneumatophores


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

These roots are present in parasitic plants.The aerial roots get fixed to the host plant via a sticky attachment disc before introducing into the tissues of the host, e.g. Mistletoe.

The pattern of branching in plants is identified by

  1. divaricate

  2. decurrent

  3. dehiscence

  4. drift seeds


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is the process used in identifying plants describing the pattern of branching. Divaricate branching is roughly horizontal, usually only diverging about 15 degrees upward or downward.

The tissue replacing the epidermis in roots & stems of submerged aquatic plants is termed as

  1. epiblem

  2. rhizosphere

  3. hartig net

  4. mycorrhiza


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is a tissue that has replaced the epidermis in roots and in stems of submerged aquatic plants.

The stem of the plant arises from

  1. root crown

  2. root invasion

  3. root nodules

  4. root stock


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

It is defined as the part of root system from which a stem arises. It affects the plant growth and physiology in different ways.

The roots prominent in nutrient-poor rainforest soils are

  1. lateral roots

  2. taproot

  3. cluster roots

  4. buttress roots


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

These are large roots on all sides of a shallow rooted tree. Classically they are found in nutrient-poor rainforest soils and do not go deeper in the layers of earth.

The roots prominently found in mangroves are

  1. tuberous roots

  2. structural roots

  3. storage roots

  4. stilt roots


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

These roots grow downward from lateral branches in the soil. They are adventitious support roots, which are prominent in mangroves.

Which of the following plant hormones is responsible for sex expression in plants?

  1. Abscisic acid

  2. Cytokinins

  3. Gibberellins

  4. Auxins


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

This plant hormone controls growth and regulates developmental processes, like stem elongation, sex expression, enzyme induction, etc.

Which of the following roots is characterised by wrinkled surface?

  1. Surface roots

  2. Haustorial roots

  3. Fine roots

  4. Contractile roots


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

These roots expand radially and contract longitudinally within the soil. They have a wrinkled surface, e.g. Dandelion.

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