The biosphere encompasses all living organisms on Earth and their interactions with each other and their environment.

Cultural diversity refers to the variety of human cultures and traditions, while genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity are all aspects of biodiversity.

Speciation is the process by which new species are formed from existing ones through genetic changes and reproductive isolation.

Overpopulation is not a direct threat to biodiversity, although it can contribute to habitat loss and other threats.

Adaptation is the process by which organisms acquire traits that make them better suited to their environment.

Urban areas are not considered natural ecosystems, as they are heavily modified by human activity.

Species richness refers to the number of different species found in an area, while species diversity considers both the number of species and their relative abundances.

Natural disasters can cause habitat loss, but they are not a major cause compared to human activities like deforestation, urbanization, and agriculture.

Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment.

Noise pollution can be harmful to wildlife, but it is not a major type of pollution that directly threatens biodiversity.

Evolution is the process by which organisms change over time through genetic variation and natural selection.

Captive breeding is a conservation strategy used to preserve endangered species, but it is not a major type of conservation strategy compared to habitat protection, species conservation, and sustainable use.

Competition is the process by which organisms compete for resources such as food, water, and territory.

Amensalism is not a major type of symbiosis, as it describes a relationship where one organism is harmed while the other is unaffected.

Symbiosis is the process by which organisms form close relationships with each other, such as mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.