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The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Description: The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Quiz
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: molecular biology genetics dna rna protein synthesis
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What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

  1. DNA makes RNA makes protein.

  2. RNA makes DNA makes protein.

  3. Protein makes DNA makes RNA.

  4. DNA makes protein makes RNA.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The central dogma of molecular biology states that DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.

What is the structure of DNA?

  1. A double helix.

  2. A single helix.

  3. A triple helix.

  4. A quadruple helix.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

DNA is a double helix, meaning that it consists of two strands of nucleotides that are twisted around each other.

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

  1. Adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

  2. Adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine.

  3. Adenine, thymine, guanine, and uracil.

  4. Uracil, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

What is the structure of RNA?

  1. A double helix.

  2. A single helix.

  3. A triple helix.

  4. A quadruple helix.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

RNA is a single helix, meaning that it consists of only one strand of nucleotides.

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?

  1. Adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.

  2. Adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine.

  3. Adenine, thymine, guanine, and uracil.

  4. Uracil, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The four nitrogenous bases found in RNA are adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine.

What is the process by which DNA is transcribed into RNA?

  1. Transcription.

  2. Translation.

  3. Replication.

  4. Mutation.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Transcription is the process by which DNA is transcribed into RNA.

What is the enzyme that catalyzes transcription?

  1. RNA polymerase.

  2. DNA polymerase.

  3. Helicase.

  4. Ligase.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that catalyzes transcription.

What is the process by which RNA is translated into protein?

  1. Transcription.

  2. Translation.

  3. Replication.

  4. Mutation.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Translation is the process by which RNA is translated into protein.

What is the enzyme that catalyzes translation?

  1. Ribosome.

  2. Transfer RNA.

  3. Messenger RNA.

  4. Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The ribosome is the enzyme that catalyzes translation.

What is the role of tRNA in translation?

  1. It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

  2. It binds to the mRNA.

  3. It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.

  4. It releases the newly synthesized protein.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome.

What is the role of mRNA in translation?

  1. It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

  2. It binds to the tRNA.

  3. It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.

  4. It releases the newly synthesized protein.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

mRNA binds to the tRNA.

What is the role of the ribosome in translation?

  1. It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

  2. It binds to the mRNA.

  3. It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.

  4. It releases the newly synthesized protein.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The ribosome catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.

What is the role of aminoacyl tRNA synthetase in translation?

  1. It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

  2. It binds to the mRNA.

  3. It catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds.

  4. It releases the newly synthesized protein.


Correct Option:
Explanation:

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase attaches amino acids to tRNA.

What is the final product of translation?

  1. A protein.

  2. A polypeptide.

  3. An amino acid.

  4. A nucleotide.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The final product of translation is a protein.

What is the relationship between DNA, RNA, and protein?

  1. DNA makes RNA makes protein.

  2. RNA makes DNA makes protein.

  3. Protein makes DNA makes RNA.

  4. DNA makes protein makes RNA.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The relationship between DNA, RNA, and protein is that DNA makes RNA makes protein.

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