Authoritarianism is characterized by the absence of the rule of law, limited political pluralism, and concentration of power in the hands of a small elite. Respect for human rights is not a characteristic of authoritarianism.

Dictatorship is the most common form of authoritarianism, in which a single person holds absolute power.

Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union under Stalin, and China under Mao Zedong are all examples of totalitarian regimes, which are characterized by complete control over all aspects of society.

Totalitarianism is more extreme than authoritarianism because it seeks to control all aspects of society, including the private lives of citizens.

A military dictatorship is a type of authoritarian regime in which the military controls the government.

Monarchy and authoritarianism are unrelated. Monarchy is a form of government in which a single person, the monarch, holds supreme power. Authoritarianism is a type of political system in which power is concentrated in the hands of a small elite.

The United Kingdom is an example of a constitutional monarchy, in which the monarch is the head of state but the real power lies with the elected government.

In an absolute monarchy, the monarch has absolute power, while in a constitutional monarchy, the monarch's power is limited by a constitution.

Saudi Arabia is an example of an absolute monarchy, in which the king has absolute power.

In a dictatorship, a single person has absolute power, while in an oligarchy, a small group of people share power.

China is an example of an oligarchy, in which the Communist Party of China holds absolute power.

Theocracy and authoritarianism are unrelated. Theocracy is a form of government in which religious leaders hold supreme power. Authoritarianism is a type of political system in which power is concentrated in the hands of a small elite.

Iran is an example of a theocracy, in which the Supreme Leader, who is a religious leader, holds supreme power.

Kleptocracy and authoritarianism are unrelated. Kleptocracy is a form of government in which the ruling elite uses their power to enrich themselves. Authoritarianism is a type of political system in which power is concentrated in the hands of a small elite.

Russia is an example of a kleptocracy, in which the ruling elite, including President Vladimir Putin, has used their power to enrich themselves.