Forest restoration aims to restore the natural biodiversity and ecological functions of a degraded or damaged forest.

Applying fertilizers is generally not a recommended practice in forest restoration, as it can disrupt the natural nutrient cycle and harm native plant species.

Afforestation refers to the establishment of a new forest on land that was previously not forested, while reforestation is the process of replanting trees in an area where a forest once existed.

Forest restoration typically does not directly enhance soil fertility, although it can indirectly improve soil health by increasing organic matter content and reducing erosion.

Reforestation is primarily carried out to mitigate climate change by increasing carbon sequestration and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Limited availability of native plant species is generally not a major challenge in forest restoration, as there are typically numerous native species available for planting.

Restoration refers to the process of restoring a degraded or damaged ecosystem to its original condition, including restoring the natural biodiversity and ecological functions of the ecosystem.

Applying herbicides is generally not a recommended practice in reforestation, as it can harm native plant species and disrupt the natural ecosystem.

Afforestation is primarily carried out to mitigate climate change by increasing carbon sequestration and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Afforestation typically does not directly enhance soil fertility, although it can indirectly improve soil health by increasing organic matter content and reducing erosion.

Restoration refers to the process of restoring a degraded or damaged ecosystem to a state where it can provide ecosystem services, such as clean air and water, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration.

Limited availability of native plant species is generally not a major challenge in afforestation, as there are typically numerous native species available for planting.

Revegetation aims to increase biodiversity and restore the natural vegetation of a degraded or damaged area.

Applying fertilizers is generally not a recommended practice in revegetation, as it can disrupt the natural nutrient cycle and harm native plant species.

Restoration refers to the process of restoring a degraded or damaged ecosystem to a state where it can support a diverse range of plant and animal species and provide ecosystem services.