Forests cover approximately 30% of the Earth's land surface, playing a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance and supporting biodiversity.

While natural disasters can contribute to forest loss, they are not a primary cause of deforestation. Human activities such as agriculture expansion and urban development are the main drivers of forest loss.

Reforestation refers to the process of planting trees in areas that have been previously cleared or degraded, with the aim of restoring the forest ecosystem.

All of the options listed are benefits of forests. Forests play a crucial role in carbon sequestration, water filtration, biodiversity conservation, and soil erosion prevention.

Sustainable forestry involves managing forests in a way that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) includes measures to address deforestation and forest degradation, recognizing the role of forests in climate change mitigation and adaptation.

Deforestation refers to the clearing of forests for various purposes, including agriculture, urbanization, and development.

Agroforestry is a land management system that integrates trees and crops or livestock on the same land, while selective logging, clear-cutting, and coppicing are all forest management practices.

Afforestation refers to the planting of trees in areas that have not been forested in the recent past, typically for the purpose of creating new forests.

All of the options listed are threats to forest biodiversity. Habitat loss, climate change, invasive species, and overexploitation can all have negative impacts on forest ecosystems and the species that depend on them.

Silviculture involves the management of forests for the production of timber and other forest products, while agroforestry, forest conservation, and sustainable forestry have broader objectives.

Sustainable forest management practices aim to minimize soil erosion, rather than increase it.

Forest conservation involves managing forests primarily for the purpose of protecting and conserving biodiversity.

Savanna is a type of grassland ecosystem, not a forest ecosystem.

Forest recreation involves managing forests for activities such as hiking, camping, and wildlife viewing.