Mikhail Gorbachev became the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1985 and introduced a series of reforms known as perestroika and glasnost, which ultimately led to the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Ronald Reagan was the US President from 1981 to 1989. He pursued a policy of military buildup and diplomatic pressure against the Soviet Union, which contributed to the end of the Cold War.

The Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany, also known as the Two Plus Four Treaty, was signed in 1990 and formally ended the Cold War by reunifying Germany and dissolving the Warsaw Pact.

The Peaceful Revolution was a series of protests and demonstrations in East Germany in 1989 that led to the fall of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany.

Russia declared independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, leading to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the formation of the Russian Federation.

James Baker was the US Secretary of State from 1989 to 1992. He played a key role in negotiating the end of the Cold War, including the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty.

Eduard Shevardnadze was the Soviet Foreign Minister from 1985 to 1991. He played a key role in negotiating the end of the Cold War, including the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty.

The Geneva Summit was a US-Soviet summit meeting that took place in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1985. It was the first summit meeting between US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and marked a turning point in the Cold War.

The Reykjavik Summit was a US-Soviet summit meeting that took place in Reykjavik, Iceland, in 1986. It resulted in the signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, which eliminated all US and Soviet intermediate-range nuclear missiles.

The Washington Summit was a US-Soviet summit meeting that took place in Washington, D.C., in 1987. It resulted in the signing of the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START), which reduced the number of US and Soviet strategic nuclear weapons.

The Moscow Summit was a US-Soviet summit meeting that took place in Moscow, Soviet Union, in 1988. It resulted in the signing of the Treaty on the Elimination of Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles, which eliminated all US and Soviet intermediate-range and shorter-range missiles.

The Vienna Summit was a US-Soviet summit meeting that took place in Vienna, Austria, in 1989. It resulted in the signing of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which limited the number of conventional weapons that could be deployed in Europe.

The Paris Summit was a US-Soviet summit meeting that took place in Paris, France, in 1990. It resulted in the signing of the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany, which formally ended the Cold War by reunifying Germany and dissolving the Warsaw Pact.

The Moscow Summit was a US-Soviet summit meeting that took place in Moscow, Soviet Union, in 1991. It resulted in the signing of the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty II, which further reduced the number of US and Soviet strategic nuclear weapons.