The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, emerged as the dominant power in the Mediterranean region after the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century.

The Mongol Empire, founded by Genghis Khan, was the largest contiguous land empire in history, spanning from Eastern Europe to East Asia.

Spain, under the Habsburg dynasty, established a vast colonial empire in the Americas, Africa, and Asia during the 16th and 17th centuries.

The British Empire, with its vast naval power and industrial strength, became the dominant power in Europe after the Napoleonic Wars.

The Majapahit Empire, centered on the island of Java, was a powerful maritime empire that controlled much of Southeast Asia during the 13th and 14th centuries.

The Mughal Empire, founded by Babur, ruled over much of the Indian subcontinent during the 16th and 17th centuries.

The Japanese Empire, with its rapidly industrializing economy and military power, emerged as the dominant power in East Asia after the fall of the Qing dynasty.

The Russian Empire, with its vast territory and military strength, controlled a vast territory in Central Asia and Eastern Europe during the 19th century.

The United States, with its rapidly growing economy and military power, emerged as the dominant power in the Americas after the Spanish-American War.

The British Empire, with its vast naval power and economic resources, controlled a vast territory in Africa during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

The United States, with its military power and economic influence, emerged as the dominant power in the Middle East after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire.

The British Empire, with its naval power and economic resources, controlled a vast territory in Southeast Asia during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

The Soviet Union, with its vast territory, military power, and economic resources, emerged as the dominant power in Europe after the Second World War.

The United States, with its vast economic power, military strength, and technological advancements, emerged as the dominant power in the world after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

China, with its vast population, economic growth, and military power, emerged as the dominant power in East Asia after the Second World War.