The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty that aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change by setting binding emission targets for developed countries.

Japan was the first country to ratify the Kyoto Protocol in 2002.

The Kyoto Protocol established three mechanisms to allow countries to meet their emission targets: emissions trading, joint implementation, and the clean development mechanism.

The United States has the highest historical responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 25% of global emissions since the pre-industrial era.

Mitigation refers to the process of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change.

Germany has the largest share of renewable energy in its electricity mix, with over 40% of its electricity coming from renewable sources.

Climate impacts refer to the effects of climate change that are already being felt around the world, such as rising sea levels, more extreme weather events, and changes in plant and animal life.

The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, replaced the Kyoto Protocol and set a new global framework for climate change mitigation, adaptation, and finance.

The Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels, and to achieve net-zero emissions by the second half of this century.

China is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world, accounting for approximately 28% of global emissions.

Adaptation refers to the process of adjusting to the impacts of climate change, such as by building sea walls to protect coastal communities from rising sea levels.

The European Union has the most ambitious climate change mitigation target, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels.

Resilience refers to the ability of a system, such as a community or ecosystem, to withstand and recover from the impacts of climate change.

Norway has the largest share of electric vehicles in its car fleet, with over 80% of new car sales being electric in 2022.

Sustainability refers to the concept of meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.