Species diversity refers to the variety of species present in a given area or ecosystem, taking into account both the number of species (species richness) and their relative abundance (species evenness).

While recreation and tourism can be important aspects of forest management, they are not considered a key component of sustainable forest management, which primarily focuses on maintaining ecological integrity, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable timber harvesting practices.

The primary goal of sustainable forest management is to protect and maintain biodiversity, ensuring the long-term health and resilience of forest ecosystems while also allowing for the sustainable use of forest resources.

Clear-cutting, which involves removing all trees in a given area, is generally not considered a sustainable forestry practice due to its negative impacts on biodiversity, soil erosion, and water quality.

Reforestation refers to the process of planting trees in areas that have been previously cleared or deforested, with the aim of restoring forest cover and ecosystem function.

While maintaining species diversity in forests can provide numerous benefits, increased timber production is not directly related to species diversity. Sustainable forest management practices aim to balance timber production with biodiversity conservation and ecosystem health.

Sustainable forestry involves managing forests in a way that meets the needs of both humans and wildlife, considering factors such as timber production, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem services.

High rates of erosion are generally not considered an indicator of forest health, as they suggest that the soil is not adequately protected by vegetation and is susceptible to degradation.

Multiple-use forestry involves managing forests to meet a variety of objectives, such as timber production, wildlife habitat conservation, recreation, and watershed protection.

Overgrazing is not typically considered a major threat to forest biodiversity, as it primarily affects grasslands and other non-forested ecosystems.

Natural forest management involves managing forests in a way that mimics natural disturbance patterns, allowing for the regeneration of diverse forest ecosystems.

Greenpeace Forest Certification is not a recognized sustainable forestry certification scheme. The most widely recognized schemes include FSC, PEFC, and SFI.

Carbon forestry involves managing forests to increase their ability to absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, contributing to climate change mitigation.

Clear-cutting, which involves removing all trees in a given area, is generally not considered a sustainable silvicultural practice due to its negative impacts on biodiversity, soil erosion, and water quality.

Non-timber forest product management involves managing forests to sustainably harvest and utilize non-timber forest products, providing additional income sources for local communities and reducing pressure on timber resources.