In many cultures throughout history, men have held a dominant role in musical performance and composition due to societal norms and gender stereotypes.

Gendered instruments are those that are more commonly associated with one gender due to cultural and historical factors, rather than being exclusively played by that gender.

Historically, female composers have been underrepresented in Western classical music due to societal barriers and limited opportunities for women in the field.

Musical androgyny refers to music that incorporates elements traditionally associated with both masculine and feminine genders, creating a blended or gender-fluid expression.

In popular music genres like rock and heavy metal, male artists and bands have historically been more prevalent and visible than female counterparts.

Gender performativity in music focuses on how gender is enacted and expressed through musical performances, including body language, stage presence, and vocal delivery.

In genres like R&B and soul, female artists have historically been more prominent and influential than male artists.

Musical essentialism posits that music is inherently gendered, with certain musical qualities or styles being associated with specific genders.

In genres like country and folk, male artists have historically been more prevalent and influential than female artists.

Gendered listening explores how our gendered identities and experiences shape the way we listen to, understand, and appreciate music.

In genres like electronic dance music (EDM), male artists and DJs have historically been more prevalent and influential than female counterparts.

Musical subversion involves using music to challenge, disrupt, or subvert traditional gender roles, stereotypes, and expectations.

In genres like jazz and blues, male artists have historically been more prevalent and influential than female artists.

Gender fluidity in music involves using music to express and explore non-binary gender identities, challenging traditional binary gender categories.

In genres like hip hop and rap, male artists have historically been more prevalent and influential than female artists.