Committees hold hearings to gather information from experts, stakeholders, and the public on a particular issue. This information is then used to draft legislation or make recommendations to the full legislative body.

Standing committees are permanent committees that are established to deal with specific areas of policy, such as the Committee on Education and Labor or the Committee on Appropriations. Select committees are temporary committees that are created to investigate a particular issue or problem.

In most legislative bodies, the party leadership is responsible for choosing the members of committees. This is done to ensure that the committees are composed of members who are supportive of the party's agenda.

The committee chair is responsible for presiding over committee meetings, setting the committee's agenda, and representing the committee to the full legislative body.

The committee ranking member is the leader of the minority party on the committee. He or she is responsible for representing the minority party's views on the committee and for working with the committee chair to set the committee's agenda.

A committee hearing is held to gather information from experts, stakeholders, and the public on a particular issue. A committee markup is held to debate and vote on legislation that has been drafted by the committee.

Subcommittees are smaller groups of committee members that are created to focus on a specific issue or area of policy. Subcommittees hold hearings to gather information from experts, stakeholders, and the public on a particular issue.

Task forces are temporary groups of committee members or staff that are created to study a particular issue or problem. Task forces hold hearings to gather information from experts, stakeholders, and the public on a particular issue.

Joint committees are committees that are composed of members from both the House and the Senate. Joint committees hold hearings to gather information from experts, stakeholders, and the public on a particular issue.

Conference committees are temporary committees that are created to resolve differences between the House and the Senate versions of a bill. Conference committees debate and vote on legislation to produce a compromise bill that can be passed by both chambers.

Committee reports summarize the committee's findings and recommendations on a particular issue. Committee reports are used to inform the full legislative body about the committee's work and to help the full legislative body make decisions about legislation.

Committee amendments can be used to change the language of a bill, add new provisions to a bill, or delete provisions from a bill.

Committee votes can be used to approve or reject a bill, approve or reject a committee amendment, or approve or reject a committee report.

Committees can represent the interests of their constituents by holding hearings and gathering information from constituents, meeting with constituents and discussing their concerns, and advocating for the interests of constituents in the legislative process.

Committees promote democracy by providing a forum for public debate on important issues, allowing citizens to participate in the legislative process, and holding the executive branch accountable.