The Protestant Reformation was a movement that sought to reform the Catholic Church in the 16th century. It was led by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and other reformers.

Martin Luther was the leader of the Protestant Reformation. He was a German monk who posted 95 theses on the door of the Wittenberg Church in 1517, which sparked the Reformation.

The Ninety-Five Theses was a document that outlined the beliefs of the Protestant reformers. It was written by Martin Luther and posted on the door of the Wittenberg Church in 1517.

The Catholic response to the Protestant Reformation included the Council of Trent, the Index of Forbidden Books, and the Inquisition.

The Thirty Years' War was a war that was fought between the Protestants and Catholics in the 16th and 17th centuries. It was one of the most destructive wars in European history.

The Peace of Westphalia was a treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War. It was signed in 1648 and established the principle of religious toleration in Europe.

The Renaissance was a movement that sought to revive classical learning and culture in the 14th and 15th centuries. It was a period of great intellectual and artistic achievement.

Florence was the center of the Renaissance. It was home to many great artists, writers, and scholars.

Leonardo da Vinci was the most famous artist of the Renaissance. He was a painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, and scientist.

The Mona Lisa is the most famous work of art of the Renaissance. It was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.

William Shakespeare was the most famous writer of the Renaissance. He was a playwright, poet, and actor.

Hamlet is the most famous work of literature of the Renaissance. It was written by William Shakespeare.

Nicolaus Copernicus was the most famous scientist of the Renaissance. He was a Polish astronomer who developed the heliocentric theory of the universe.

The Americas were the most famous discovery of the Renaissance. They were discovered by Christopher Columbus in 1492.

The printing press was the most important invention of the Renaissance. It was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1450s.