HSPA networks utilize WCDMA as their air interface technology, enabling high-speed data transmission and improved spectral efficiency.

HSPA+ technology, an enhanced version of HSPA, supports a maximum theoretical downlink data rate of 84 Mbps, providing significantly faster data transfer speeds.

Radio Resource Management (RRM) is the protocol that dynamically allocates radio resources, such as time slots and power levels, to ensure efficient utilization of the network and optimal performance for data transmissions.

The Node B in an HSPA network acts as the base station, responsible for communicating with mobile devices, managing radio resources, and facilitating data transmission between the mobile devices and the core network.

HSPA networks utilize MIMO technology to increase capacity and coverage by employing multiple antennas at both the base station and mobile devices, allowing for simultaneous transmission and reception of multiple data streams.

HSDPA is a key protocol in HSPA networks that enables high-speed data transmission in the downlink direction, allowing mobile devices to receive data at significantly faster rates.

Mobility Management (MM) is the protocol that handles the mobility of mobile devices in HSPA networks, ensuring seamless handover between cells and maintaining connectivity as devices move.

The Radio Network Controller (RNC) in an HSPA network is responsible for controlling the radio resources, scheduling data transmissions, and managing the overall performance of the radio network.

HSUPA is a key technology in HSPA networks that enables high-speed data transmission in the uplink direction, reducing latency and improving the responsiveness of data transmissions from mobile devices to the network.

The Serving Gateway (SGW) in an HSPA network is responsible for providing internet connectivity to end-users by routing data traffic between the mobile devices and the external networks.

AMC is a key technology in HSPA networks that dynamically adjusts the modulation and coding schemes based on channel conditions, improving spectral efficiency and reducing interference.

The Packet Data Network Gateway (PDN GW) in an HSPA network is responsible for handling call setup and termination processes, managing the allocation of IP addresses, and providing security features.

PSM is a key technology in HSPA networks that allows mobile devices to enter a low-power state when not actively transmitting or receiving data, conserving battery life.

The Home Location Register (HLR) in an HSPA network is responsible for storing subscriber information, managing their accounts, and authenticating their access to the network.

RTP is a key technology in HSPA networks that enables real-time applications to send and receive data with low latency, improving the performance of services such as voice calls and online gaming.