Network resiliency aims to maintain network functionality and performance even in the face of disruptions, such as equipment failures, power outages, or cyberattacks.

Centralization involves concentrating network resources and services in a single location, which can increase the risk of a single point of failure. Redundancy, diversity, and isolation are all strategies for distributing and isolating network components to improve resiliency.

Network redundancy involves creating multiple paths between network devices or components so that traffic can be rerouted in case of a failure. This helps to ensure network availability and performance during disruptions.

Network diversity involves using different network paths, technologies, or providers to reduce the impact of a single point of failure. Connecting to multiple Internet service providers is an example of diversity because it provides multiple paths for traffic to reach its destination.

Network isolation involves separating different parts of a network to prevent the spread of threats or disruptions. This can be achieved through the use of firewalls, VLANs, or other isolation mechanisms.

Availability is a common metric used to measure network resiliency. It represents the percentage of time that a network is operational and accessible to users.

Network monitoring plays a crucial role in network resiliency by helping to identify potential problems, enabling rapid response to failures, and providing insights into network performance and utilization.

All of the options are best practices for improving network resiliency. Regularly updating network firmware and software helps to address vulnerabilities and improve performance. Implementing security measures protects against cyberattacks, and conducting regular network audits and assessments helps to identify potential problems and vulnerabilities.

Graceful degradation is the ability of a network to continue operating at a reduced capacity in the event of a failure. This allows critical services to remain available even when some parts of the network are experiencing problems.

Software-defined networking (SDN), network virtualization, and load balancing are all examples of network resiliency technologies. SDN provides flexibility and programmability, network virtualization allows for the creation of isolated network segments, and load balancing distributes traffic across multiple paths to improve performance and reliability.

Automation plays a crucial role in network resiliency by enabling rapid response to failures, identifying potential problems, and simplifying network management and troubleshooting. Automated tools and processes can help network administrators to quickly detect and resolve issues, reducing the impact of disruptions.

All of the options are common challenges in achieving network resiliency. The high cost of implementing resiliency measures, the complexity of managing and maintaining resilient networks, and the lack of skilled network engineers with expertise in resiliency can all hinder the adoption and effectiveness of resiliency strategies.

Network resiliency and business continuity are mutually dependent concepts. A resilient network is essential for ensuring business continuity, as disruptions to the network can have a significant impact on business operations. Conversely, business continuity planning and strategies can help to inform and guide network resiliency initiatives.

All of the options are key factors to consider when designing a resilient network. The criticality of the applications and services, the budget available, and the size and complexity of the network all influence the choice of resiliency strategies and technologies.

The ultimate goal of network resiliency is to minimize the impact of network failures and disruptions on business operations. While it is not possible to eliminate all network failures, resiliency strategies aim to reduce their frequency and severity, and to ensure that the network can recover quickly from disruptions.