In many developing countries, sewage is often discharged directly into water bodies without proper treatment, leading to contamination and water pollution.

Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and is transmitted through contaminated water or food.

Water treatment is a comprehensive process that involves various techniques to remove impurities, harmful substances, and microorganisms from water, making it safe for consumption.

Chlorine is a widely used chemical for water disinfection due to its effectiveness in killing bacteria and other microorganisms.

The WHO recommends a maximum allowable level of lead in drinking water of 10 ppb to protect public health from the harmful effects of lead exposure.

Giardiasis is a diarrheal disease caused by the protozoan Giardia lamblia and is transmitted through contaminated water or food.

Desalination is the process of removing salt and other minerals from seawater to produce fresh water.

Salmonellosis is a foodborne illness caused by the bacteria Salmonella and can also be transmitted through contaminated water.

Algal bloom is a general term used to describe the rapid growth of algae in water bodies, which can be harmful to aquatic life and human health.

Shigellosis is a diarrheal disease caused by the bacteria Shigella and is transmitted through contaminated water or food.

Filtration is a process that removes suspended particles from water by passing it through a filter medium.

Campylobacteriosis is a diarrheal disease caused by the bacteria Campylobacter and is transmitted through contaminated water or food.

Disinfection is the process of adding chemicals to water to kill or inactivate microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa.

E. coli infection is a diarrheal disease caused by the bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and is transmitted through contaminated water or food.

Sedimentation is the process of allowing suspended particles in water to settle to the bottom by gravity.