Aryabhata, a renowned 5th-century Indian mathematician and astronomer, is widely recognized for introducing the concept of zero as a placeholder and a number in his mathematical system.

Brahmagupta, an influential 7th-century Indian mathematician and astronomer, was the first to describe the Fibonacci sequence in his work, 'Brahmasphuta Siddhanta'.

Bhaskara II, a brilliant 12th-century Indian mathematician and astronomer, is credited with developing the decimal system, a fundamental concept in modern mathematics.

The 'Rigveda', one of the four Vedas, is a collection of hymns and mantras composed in Sanskrit, an ancient Indo-Aryan language.

Sanskrit, an ancient Indo-Aryan language, is renowned for its vast vocabulary and the ability to form compound words with intricate meanings.

Tamil, a Dravidian language, is widely spoken in southern India and is known for its rich literary tradition and distinct grammatical features.

Hindi, an Indo-Aryan language, is one of the official languages of the United Nations, reflecting its global significance and widespread usage.

Rabindranath Tagore, a renowned Bengali poet, writer, and philosopher, is widely celebrated for his literary contributions and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913.

Urdu, an Indo-Aryan language, is written in a unique script that is read from left to right, distinguishing it from other Indian languages that are typically written from left to right.

Srinivasa Ramanujan, a brilliant Indian mathematician, is renowned for his groundbreaking work in number theory, where he discovered remarkable patterns and relationships among numbers.

Bhaskara II, a renowned Indian mathematician, introduced the concept of the continued fraction, a powerful tool for approximating real numbers and solving various mathematical problems.

The 'Arthashastra', written by Kautilya, is an ancient Indian text that delves into the principles of economics, statecraft, and political administration.

Brahmagupta, a prominent Indian mathematician, is credited with developing the 'chakravala' method, an ingenious technique for solving indeterminate equations, which has applications in various mathematical fields.

Madhava of Sangamagrama, a brilliant Indian mathematician, is recognized as a pioneer in the development of calculus, introducing concepts such as the Taylor series and the idea of infinitesimals.