Tribal Sovereignty refers to the inherent right of Indigenous nations to govern themselves, make their own laws, and manage their own affairs without interference from external governments.

UNDRIP is a comprehensive international instrument that recognizes the rights of Indigenous peoples to their lands, territories, and resources, as well as their right to self-determination and cultural integrity.

Dispossession refers to the systematic and often violent process by which Indigenous peoples are deprived of their lands, territories, and resources, often through colonization, forced removal, or other forms of coercion.

Canada has the largest Indigenous population in the world, with over 1.6 million Indigenous people, representing approximately 4.9% of the total population.

Allotment refers to the process of dividing Indigenous lands into smaller parcels and allocating them to individual households or families, often as part of a policy of assimilation and land dispossession.

The Iroquois Confederacy, also known as the Haudenosaunee, successfully resisted forced removal from their traditional lands in the 19th century through a combination of diplomacy, military resistance, and political alliances.

The Land Back Movement refers to the collective efforts of Indigenous peoples to reclaim their traditional lands and resources, often through legal, political, and cultural strategies.

Grand Chief Stewart Phillip is a prominent Indigenous leader from Canada who has been a vocal advocate for Indigenous rights, self-determination, and environmental protection.

Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) is a legal principle that recognizes the right of Indigenous peoples to give or withhold their consent to any decisions that may affect their lands, territories, and resources.

The Mabo Nation successfully achieved land rights and self-government through a landmark legal case in the 1990s, known as the Mabo Case, which recognized the inherent land rights of Indigenous peoples in Australia.

Indigenous Land Stewardship refers to the practice of Indigenous peoples managing their own lands and resources according to their traditional knowledge, values, and customs, often emphasizing sustainability and cultural preservation.

The Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation has successfully established a self-governing tribal nation within a major urban area, located in southeastern Connecticut, and has become a model for economic development and cultural revitalization.

Cultural Revitalization refers to the process of Indigenous peoples reasserting their cultural identity and traditions after a period of colonization and assimilation, often involving the revival of languages, traditional arts, and spiritual practices.

The Nisga'a Nation successfully negotiated a modern treaty with the Canadian government in 1998, establishing self-government and land rights, becoming the first modern treaty to be implemented in British Columbia.

Indigenous Resistance refers to the ongoing struggle of Indigenous peoples to assert their rights to self-determination, land rights, and cultural preservation, often involving political activism, legal challenges, and cultural revitalization efforts.