To prevent trademark infringement in foreign countries.

To ensure trademark owners have exclusive rights worldwide.

To facilitate the registration of trademarks in multiple countries.

To promote fair competition in the global marketplace.

Madrid Protocol

Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property

Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)

World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement

A treaty that allows for the centralized filing of trademark applications in multiple countries.

A database of registered trademarks worldwide.

A system for resolving trademark disputes between parties in different countries.

A set of guidelines for trademark registration and protection in developing countries.

Trademark rights are limited to the country where the trademark is registered.

Trademark rights are automatically recognized and protected in all countries worldwide.

Trademark rights can be extended to other countries through international treaties or agreements.

Trademark rights are subject to the laws and regulations of each individual country.

It ensures that foreign trademark owners receive the same treatment as domestic trademark owners in a given country.

It allows trademark owners to register their trademarks in multiple countries without meeting additional requirements.

It harmonizes trademark laws and regulations across different countries.

It provides a mechanism for resolving trademark disputes between parties in different countries.

It administers the Madrid Protocol and facilitates international trademark applications.

It provides a forum for negotiations and discussions on trademark-related issues.

It maintains a global database of registered trademarks.

It resolves trademark disputes between parties in different countries.

A trademark protects goods, while a service mark protects services.

A trademark can be registered for any product or service, while a service mark is limited to services.

A trademark is always registered at the national level, while a service mark can be registered internationally.

A trademark is valid for 10 years, while a service mark is valid for 20 years.

It gives priority to the first person to file a trademark application in a given country.

It allows trademark owners to register their trademarks in multiple countries simultaneously.

It ensures that trademarks are registered in the name of the actual owner.

It prevents trademark infringement by requiring trademark owners to file applications in all countries where they operate.

The trademark is descriptive or generic.

The trademark is confusingly similar to an existing trademark.

The trademark is immoral or offensive.

All of the above.

Filing a lawsuit in the country where the infringement occurred.

Contacting the relevant authorities in the country where the infringement occurred.

Requesting assistance from the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).

All of the above.

To identify potential conflicts with existing trademarks.

To ensure that the trademark is distinctive and not generic.

To determine the availability of the trademark in the desired countries.

All of the above.

It provides a standardized system for classifying goods and services for trademark registration purposes.

It helps trademark examiners determine the similarity of trademarks.

It facilitates the search and comparison of trademarks across different countries.

All of the above.

It occurs when a trademark becomes weakened or tarnished due to unauthorized use.

It can lead to the cancellation or invalidation of a trademark.

It is a ground for refusing a trademark application.

All of the above.

They can seize counterfeit goods at the border.

They can investigate trademark infringement cases.

They can provide information about trademark registrations.

All of the above.

Differences in trademark laws and regulations across countries.

Lack of cooperation between countries in enforcing trademark rights.

The high cost of enforcing trademark rights internationally.

All of the above.