The Code of Hammurabi, dating back to ancient Mesopotamia, is one of the earliest known written legal codes, containing a collection of laws and punishments.

The Rosetta Stone, discovered in 1799, was crucial in deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs, enabling the understanding of ancient Egyptian writings.

The Book of the Dead, an ancient Egyptian funerary text, contains spells, prayers, and illustrations believed to guide the deceased through the afterlife.

The Dead Sea Scrolls, discovered in the Qumran Caves, contain ancient Jewish religious texts, including biblical manuscripts and commentaries.

The Analects of Confucius, a collection of sayings and teachings attributed to the Chinese philosopher Confucius, emphasizes moral values, social harmony, and personal conduct.

The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, was a landmark document that limited the power of the English monarchy and established certain rights and privileges for individuals.

Theogony, written by the Greek poet Hesiod, provides a comprehensive account of the origins and genealogies of the Greek gods and goddesses.

The Justinian Code, compiled under the reign of Byzantine Emperor Justinian I, was a comprehensive collection and codification of Roman law.

The New Testament, part of the Christian Bible, includes the teachings, parables, and life of Jesus Christ, as well as letters and other writings by early Christian leaders.

The Sumerian cuneiform tablets, dating back to ancient Mesopotamia, represent one of the earliest forms of written communication.

The Pyramid Texts, found in ancient Egyptian pyramids, contain religious texts, spells, and rituals related to the afterlife and the journey of the deceased pharaoh.

The Vedas, a collection of ancient Indian religious texts, contain hymns, rituals, philosophical teachings, and mythological stories.

The Iliad, an epic poem attributed to Homer, narrates the events of the Trojan War and the siege of Troy.

The Babylonian clay tablets, dating back to ancient Mesopotamia, contain mathematical calculations, astronomical observations, and legal and administrative records.

The Tripitaka, a collection of Buddhist scriptures, contains the teachings, sermons, and philosophical discourses of the Buddha.