Asteroseismology primarily relies on photometry, which involves measuring variations in a star's brightness over time.

r-modes are stellar oscillations that involve changes in the star's radius and are often associated with rapidly rotating stars.

Convection is the primary mechanism responsible for exciting stellar oscillations, as it generates turbulent motions within the star's interior.

The frequency of stellar oscillations can provide information about a star's mass, radius, temperature, and age.

The Solar Cycle refers to the periodic variation in the number of sunspots observed on the Sun, typically lasting around 11 years.

Solar Flares are sudden, intense bursts of energy released from the Sun's atmosphere, often associated with magnetic reconnection.

In general, there is a negative correlation between stellar activity cycles and the star's rotation rate, meaning that stars with faster rotation rates tend to have shorter and less pronounced activity cycles.

p-modes are stellar oscillations that involve changes in the star's surface brightness and are often associated with the star's convective envelope.

Sunspots form in the photosphere, which is the visible surface of the Sun.

f-modes are stellar oscillations that involve changes in the star's magnetic field and are often associated with the star's core.

The dark central region of a sunspot is called the Sunspot Umbra.

g-modes are stellar oscillations that involve changes in the star's internal rotation rate and are often associated with the star's radiative envelope.

The bright, loop-like structures observed in the Sun's atmosphere are called Corona.

r-modes are stellar oscillations that involve changes in the star's luminosity and are often associated with rapidly rotating stars.

The outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere is called Corona.