The Planning Commission was established in India on March 15, 1950.

Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Chairman of the Planning Commission from 1950 to 1964.

The main objective of the Planning Commission was to formulate and implement economic plans for the country, promote social welfare, and ensure balanced regional development.

The Planning Commission formulated 12 Five-Year Plans for the country from 1951 to 2017.

The Second Five-Year Plan (1956-1961) was known as the 'Golden Era of Planning' due to its emphasis on heavy industrialization and rapid economic growth.

The Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985-1990) was focused on poverty alleviation and social justice, with a special emphasis on the upliftment of the weaker sections of society.

The Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974-1979) introduced the concept of 'Minimum Needs Programme', which aimed to provide basic essential services to the poor and vulnerable sections of the population.

The Eighth Five-Year Plan (1992-1997) emphasized on liberalization, privatization, and globalization, marking a shift in India's economic policies.

The Twelfth Five-Year Plan (2012-2017) focused on inclusive growth and sustainable development, with a special emphasis on environmental protection and climate change mitigation.

The Planning Commission was dissolved in 2014 by the Narendra Modi government and replaced by the NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India).

The main function of the NITI Aayog is to act as a think tank and provide policy advice to the government on various economic, social, and environmental issues.

The current Chairman of the NITI Aayog is Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of India.

There are 20 members in the NITI Aayog, including the Prime Minister, who is the Chairman, and the Vice-Chairman, who is appointed by the Prime Minister.

The NITI Aayog plays a crucial role in cooperative federalism by promoting coordination between the central and state governments, resolving disputes between them, and providing financial assistance to the state governments.