The Sumerians, an ancient civilization in Mesopotamia, developed the first known system of writing called cuneiform around 3500 BC.

Hieroglyphics was the ancient Egyptian writing system that used a combination of logographic, syllabic, and alphabetic characters.

The Sumerians developed the cuneiform writing system, which was one of the earliest forms of writing and used wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets.

The Phoenician alphabet was primarily used for trade and commerce, as it allowed for efficient record-keeping and communication among merchants and traders.

The Greeks adopted and adapted the Phoenician alphabet to create their own writing system, known as the Greek alphabet, which became the foundation for many other alphabets used today.

The ancient Romans used the Latin alphabet, which evolved from the Etruscan alphabet and became the basis for many modern alphabets used in Europe and beyond.

The Chinese developed their own unique writing system, characterized by its logographic characters, which represent entire words or ideas rather than individual sounds.

The ancient Mayans developed their own writing system, known as the Mayan script, which used a combination of logograms and syllabic characters.

The ancient Indians developed the Brahmi script, which became the ancestor of many modern Indian scripts, including Devanagari, Bengali, and Tamil.

The ancient Ethiopians developed the Ge'ez script, which was derived from the South Arabian script and became the liturgical language of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church.

The ancient Germanic peoples developed the Runic alphabet, which was used for inscriptions, divination, and magical purposes.

The ancient Koreans developed Hangul, a unique writing system that combined Chinese characters with native Korean elements, making it easier for Koreans to read and write in their own language.

The ancient Japanese developed their own writing system, which includes three different types of characters: kanji (Chinese characters), hiragana (phonetic characters), and katakana (phonetic characters).

The ancient Zapotec civilization developed their own writing system, known as the Zapotec script, which was used for inscriptions, historical records, and religious texts.

The ancient Indus Valley civilization developed their own writing system, known as the Indus Valley script, which remains largely undeciphered to this day, making it one of the greatest mysteries of ancient history.