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Metaethics: Moral Cognitivism vs. Non-Cognitivism

Description: This quiz will test your understanding of the metaethical theories of moral cognitivism and non-cognitivism.
Number of Questions: 16
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Tags: metaethics moral cognitivism non-cognitivism
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Which of the following is a central claim of moral cognitivism?

  1. Moral statements are objective truths.

  2. Moral statements are subjective opinions.

  3. Moral statements are meaningless.

  4. Moral statements are emotive expressions.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Moral cognitivism is the view that moral statements are objective truths that can be known through reason.

Which of the following is a central claim of moral non-cognitivism?

  1. Moral statements are objective truths.

  2. Moral statements are subjective opinions.

  3. Moral statements are meaningless.

  4. Moral statements are emotive expressions.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Moral non-cognitivism is the view that moral statements are not objective truths, but rather are emotive expressions that reflect our feelings and attitudes.

Which of the following is a common argument against moral cognitivism?

  1. The is-ought problem.

  2. The problem of moral disagreement.

  3. The problem of moral relativism.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

There are a number of common arguments against moral cognitivism, including the is-ought problem, the problem of moral disagreement, and the problem of moral relativism.

Which of the following is a common argument against moral non-cognitivism?

  1. The naturalistic fallacy.

  2. The problem of moral motivation.

  3. The problem of moral objectivity.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

There are a number of common arguments against moral non-cognitivism, including the naturalistic fallacy, the problem of moral motivation, and the problem of moral objectivity.

Which of the following philosophers is most closely associated with moral cognitivism?

  1. Plato

  2. Aristotle

  3. Immanuel Kant

  4. John Stuart Mill

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Immanuel Kant is widely regarded as the most influential moral cognitivist philosopher.

Which of the following philosophers is most closely associated with moral non-cognitivism?

  1. David Hume

  2. G.E. Moore

  3. Bertrand Russell

  4. A.J. Ayer

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A.J. Ayer is widely regarded as the most influential moral non-cognitivist philosopher.

Which of the following is a common criticism of moral cognitivism?

  1. It is too abstract and脱离现实.

  2. It is too dogmatic and intolerant of other viewpoints.

  3. It is too difficult to apply to real-world problems.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Moral cognitivism has been criticized for being too abstract, too dogmatic, and too difficult to apply to real-world problems.

Which of the following is a common criticism of moral non-cognitivism?

  1. It is too relativistic and subjective.

  2. It is too emotivist and irrational.

  3. It is too nihilistic and pessimistic.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Moral non-cognitivism has been criticized for being too relativistic, too emotivist, and too nihilistic.

Which of the following is a possible implication of moral cognitivism?

  1. There is one true morality that applies to everyone.

  2. Moral disagreements can be resolved through rational argument.

  3. Moral progress is possible.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Moral cognitivism implies that there is one true morality that applies to everyone, that moral disagreements can be resolved through rational argument, and that moral progress is possible.

Which of the following is a possible implication of moral non-cognitivism?

  1. There is no such thing as objective right or wrong.

  2. Moral disagreements cannot be resolved through rational argument.

  3. Moral progress is impossible.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Moral non-cognitivism implies that there is no such thing as objective right or wrong, that moral disagreements cannot be resolved through rational argument, and that moral progress is impossible.

Which of the following is a common objection to the is-ought problem?

  1. The is-ought problem is not a real problem.

  2. The is-ought problem can be solved by appealing to moral intuitions.

  3. The is-ought problem can be solved by appealing to religious beliefs.

  4. The is-ought problem can be solved by appealing to scientific evidence.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Some philosophers argue that the is-ought problem is not a real problem, but rather a伪问题.

Which of the following is a common objection to the problem of moral disagreement?

  1. The problem of moral disagreement is not a real problem.

  2. The problem of moral disagreement can be solved by appealing to moral intuitions.

  3. The problem of moral disagreement can be solved by appealing to religious beliefs.

  4. The problem of moral disagreement can be solved by appealing to scientific evidence.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Some philosophers argue that the problem of moral disagreement is not a real problem, but rather a reflection of the diversity of human values.

Which of the following is a common objection to the problem of moral relativism?

  1. The problem of moral relativism is not a real problem.

  2. The problem of moral relativism can be solved by appealing to moral intuitions.

  3. The problem of moral relativism can be solved by appealing to religious beliefs.

  4. The problem of moral relativism can be solved by appealing to scientific evidence.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Some philosophers argue that the problem of moral relativism is not a real problem, but rather a reflection of the fact that different cultures have different ways of life.

Which of the following is a possible solution to the is-ought problem?

  1. Appeal to moral intuitions.

  2. Appeal to religious beliefs.

  3. Appeal to scientific evidence.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option:
Explanation:

There is no universally accepted solution to the is-ought problem.

Which of the following is a possible solution to the problem of moral disagreement?

  1. Appeal to moral intuitions.

  2. Appeal to religious beliefs.

  3. Appeal to scientific evidence.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option:
Explanation:

There is no universally accepted solution to the problem of moral disagreement.

Which of the following is a possible solution to the problem of moral relativism?

  1. Appeal to moral intuitions.

  2. Appeal to religious beliefs.

  3. Appeal to scientific evidence.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option:
Explanation:

There is no universally accepted solution to the problem of moral relativism.

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