Climate change disproportionately affects women and girls due to a combination of factors, including their social and economic status, their roles in society, and their limited access to resources and decision-making power.

Climate change impacts women and girls in a variety of ways, including increased risk of food insecurity and malnutrition, increased risk of water scarcity and sanitation problems, increased risk of displacement and migration, and increased risk of violence and exploitation.

Women's empowerment can help to address the challenges of climate change by increasing women's access to resources and decision-making power, reducing women's vulnerability to climate change impacts, and promoting sustainable development and climate-resilient practices.

There are many successful initiatives that have empowered women to take action on climate change, including the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) in India, the Green Belt Movement in Kenya, and the Women's Environment and Development Organization (WEDO).

Women face a number of challenges in taking action on climate change, including lack of access to resources and decision-making power, gender discrimination and social norms, and limited access to education and training.

There are a number of ways to overcome the challenges that women face in taking action on climate change, including investing in women's education and training, promoting gender equality and women's empowerment, and providing women with access to resources and decision-making power.

Men and boys play a crucial role in promoting gender equality and women's empowerment in the context of climate change by challenging gender stereotypes, supporting women's leadership and participation in decision-making, and sharing the responsibility for unpaid care work.

Governments and policymakers can support women's empowerment and gender equality in climate change policies and programs by ensuring that women are represented in decision-making processes, addressing the specific needs and vulnerabilities of women in climate change policies and programs, and providing financial and technical support to women's organizations and initiatives.

Key indicators that can be used to measure progress on women's empowerment and gender equality in the context of climate change include the proportion of women in leadership positions in climate change decision-making bodies, the level of women's participation in climate change adaptation and mitigation activities, and the extent to which women's needs and vulnerabilities are addressed in climate change policies and programs.

Best practices for ensuring that climate change policies and programs are gender-responsive include conducting gender analyses of climate change policies and programs, consulting with women and girls in the design and implementation of climate change policies and programs, and providing targeted support to women and girls who are particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts.

Challenges that need to be overcome in order to achieve gender equality and women's empowerment in the context of climate change include gender discrimination and social norms, lack of access to resources and decision-making power, and limited access to education and training.

International cooperation plays a crucial role in promoting gender equality and women's empowerment in the context of climate change by raising awareness of the gender dimensions of climate change, mobilizing resources for gender-responsive climate change policies and programs, and promoting the exchange of best practices and lessons learned.

Key milestones that have been achieved in promoting gender equality and women's empowerment in the context of climate change include the adoption of the Paris Agreement, the establishment of the Green Climate Fund, and the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals.

Emerging trends and issues in the area of gender equality and women's empowerment in the context of climate change include the increasing recognition of the importance of gender equality and women's empowerment in climate change policies and programs, the growing number of women leaders in the field of climate change, and the increasing engagement of women's organizations in climate change negotiations and decision-making processes.

Key challenges that remain in achieving gender equality and women's empowerment in the context of climate change include gender discrimination and social norms, lack of access to resources and decision-making power, and limited access to education and training.