Agricultural expansion, particularly for crops like soybeans and palm oil, is the leading cause of deforestation globally.

The Amazon rainforest, located in South America, has experienced the highest rate of deforestation due to factors such as logging, cattle ranching, and soybean farming.

Deforestation contributes to climate change by releasing carbon dioxide stored in trees, reducing the Earth's albedo (reflectivity), and disrupting the water cycle.

Deforestation typically leads to a decrease in air quality due to the release of carbon dioxide and other pollutants.

Reforestation refers to the process of planting trees in areas that were once forested but have since been cleared.

The UNFCCC includes provisions to reduce deforestation and promote sustainable forest management as part of its efforts to mitigate climate change.

Forest research encompasses the study of forests, their ecosystems, and their management.

Forest meteorology focuses on the interactions between forests and the atmosphere, including the exchange of energy, water, and carbon dioxide.

Forest genetics focuses on the study of the genetic diversity of forest trees and how it influences their growth, adaptation, and resilience.

Silviculture focuses on the development and application of sustainable forest management practices, including tree planting, thinning, and harvesting.

Forest carbon cycling focuses on the study of how forests exchange carbon dioxide with the atmosphere and how this affects the global carbon cycle.

Forest remote sensing involves the use of satellite imagery and other remote sensing technologies to monitor forest health, deforestation, and other changes in forest ecosystems.

Forest economics focuses on the study of the social and economic aspects of forests and forestry, including the valuation of forest resources, the economics of forest management, and the impacts of forest policies.

Forest tree breeding involves the selection and breeding of trees with desirable traits, such as fast growth, disease resistance, and high wood quality.

Forest climate change mitigation focuses on the study of how forests can be managed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance carbon sequestration, thereby mitigating climate change.