Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment, including the physical, chemical, and biological factors that affect their survival and growth.

An ecosystem is a community of organisms and their physical environment, including the interactions between them.

A population is a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area.

A biome is a large-scale community of organisms and their environment, characterized by similar climate, vegetation, and animal life.

Adaptation is the process by which organisms adapt to their environment, through changes in their traits or behavior.

A food chain is the transfer of energy from one organism to another through a series of organisms, with each organism eating the one below it.

A food web is the interconnected network of food chains in an ecosystem, showing the flow of energy and nutrients between different organisms.

Trophic level is the position of an organism in a food chain or food web, based on its feeding relationships.

An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation of the trophic levels in an ecosystem, showing the flow of energy and biomass from one level to the next.

Nutrient cycling is the process by which nutrients are recycled in an ecosystem, through the decomposition of organic matter and the release of nutrients back into the environment.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce food, in the form of glucose.

Decomposition is the process by which organisms break down organic matter into simpler substances, such as carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients.

Respiration is the process by which organisms use oxygen to break down food and release energy, in the form of ATP.

Biogeography is the study of the distribution and abundance of organisms, and the factors that influence their distribution.

Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment, including the physical, chemical, and biological factors that affect their survival and growth.