Cuneiform was the primary writing system used in Mesopotamia during the Bronze Age, dating back to around 3500 BCE.

Cuneiform was typically written on clay tablets, which were then baked or dried to preserve the writing.

Cuneiform was used for a variety of purposes, including record-keeping and administration, religious texts, and literary works.

The use of cuneiform began to decline around 500 BCE, with the rise of alphabetic scripts.

The decline of cuneiform was influenced by a combination of factors, including the rise of alphabetic scripts, the fall of the Assyrian Empire, and the Persian conquest of Mesopotamia.

Alphabetic scripts were easier to learn and write than cuneiform, and they were also more efficient for representing language.

The Phoenician alphabet is considered to be the earliest known alphabetic script, dating back to around 1000 BCE.

The Phoenician alphabet spread throughout the Mediterranean region primarily through trade and commerce.

The Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic alphabets were all derived from the Phoenician alphabet.

The rise of alphabetic scripts had a profound impact on the development of literature and culture in the ancient world, leading to a wider dissemination of knowledge and ideas, the development of new literary genres, and the growth of literacy rates.

The decline of cuneiform and the rise of alphabetic scripts marked a major transition in the history of writing, facilitating the development of more advanced civilizations and contributing to the spread of knowledge and culture.

The Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians were all known for their extensive use of cuneiform tablets.

The Code of Hammurabi is the most famous Babylonian law code that was written in cuneiform.

The Phoenicians are credited with developing the Phoenician alphabet.

The Byblos Inscription is the earliest known Phoenician inscription.