In Indian mythology, the Sun is often associated with the god Vishnu, who is considered the preserver and protector of the universe.

The Rigveda, one of the four Vedas, is considered to be the earliest known astronomical treatise, containing hymns and verses that mention celestial bodies and astronomical phenomena.

Jantar Mantar is the name of the ancient Indian astronomical observatory built by Maharaja Jai Singh II in the 18th century. It consists of several architectural structures designed for astronomical observations.

Aryabhata, an Indian astronomer-mathematician, developed the concept of the heliocentric model of the solar system in the 5th century AD, centuries before Copernicus.

The Mahabharata, an ancient Indian epic poem, contains detailed descriptions of astronomical phenomena and celestial bodies, including constellations, planets, and eclipses.

The quadrant is an ancient Indian astronomical instrument used to measure the altitude of celestial bodies above the horizon.

Brahmagupta, an Indian astronomer-mathematician, developed the concept of the precession of the equinoxes in the 7th century AD.

The sundial is an ancient Indian astronomical instrument used to measure the time of day by the position of the Sun.

Varahamihira, an Indian astronomer-mathematician, developed the concept of the zodiac in the 6th century AD.

The armillary sphere is an ancient Indian astronomical instrument used to measure the distance between celestial bodies.

Bhaskara II, an Indian astronomer-mathematician, developed the concept of the nine planets in the 12th century AD.

The astrolabe is an ancient Indian astronomical instrument used to measure the position of celestial bodies.

Aryabhata, an Indian astronomer-mathematician, developed the concept of the Earth's rotation in the 5th century AD.

The sundial is an ancient Indian astronomical instrument used to measure the time of night by the position of the stars.

Aryabhata, an Indian astronomer-mathematician, developed the concept of the Earth's revolution around the Sun in the 5th century AD.