The Corpus Juris Civilis was a collection of Roman law that was compiled under the emperor Justinian I in the 6th century CE. It consisted of four parts: the Code, the Digest, the Institutes, and the Novellae.

The Consistory was the highest court in the Byzantine Empire. It was composed of the emperor, the patriarch of Constantinople, and the highest-ranking officials of the empire.

The emperor was the head of state and government, the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, and the chief legislator in the Byzantine Empire.

The patriarch of Constantinople was the head of the Byzantine Church, the emperor's chief advisor, and the regent during the emperor's minority.

The Senate was an advisory body to the emperor in the Byzantine government. It had no legislative or judicial powers.

The provincial governors were responsible for the administration of their provinces, collecting taxes, and maintaining law and order.

The military was responsible for defending the empire from its enemies, maintaining internal security, and collecting taxes.

The bureaucracy was responsible for the day-to-day administration of the empire, collecting taxes, and maintaining law and order.

The Church was the official religion of the empire, responsible for providing spiritual guidance to the emperor and his subjects, and collecting taxes.

The guilds regulated the production and sale of goods, provided social welfare benefits to their members, and represented the interests of their members to the government.

The merchants transported goods from one place to another, sold goods to consumers, and provided financial services.

The peasants produced food for the empire, provided labor for the construction of roads and buildings, and paid taxes to the government.

The slaves performed manual labor, served as domestic servants, and worked in the mines.

The Byzantine Empire preserved the classical learning of Greece and Rome, spread Christianity to Eastern Europe, and developed a sophisticated system of law and government.