Biocentrism is an ethical principle that assigns inherent value to all living organisms, irrespective of their utility or significance to humans.

Conservation ethics primarily focuses on preserving biodiversity and the integrity of ecosystems, recognizing the intrinsic value of all species and their contributions to the functioning of the natural world.

Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that emphasizes the importance of maximizing overall happiness or well-being, regardless of individual rights or duties.

Intergenerational equity refers to the ethical principle that emphasizes the responsibility of the present generation to protect and preserve the environment for the benefit of future generations.

Animal rights is an ethical principle that emphasizes the inherent value of non-human animals and their right to be treated with respect and consideration, free from unnecessary suffering or exploitation.

Environmental justice is an ethical principle that promotes fairness and equity in the distribution of environmental benefits and burdens, ensuring that no particular group or community bears a disproportionate share of environmental risks or negative impacts.

Deontology is an ethical theory that emphasizes the importance of acting in accordance with moral principles and duties, regardless of the consequences or outcomes of those actions.

The precautionary principle is an ethical principle that advocates for taking precautionary measures to minimize the risk of environmental harm, even in the absence of scientific certainty about the potential consequences.

Deep ecology is an ethical principle that emphasizes the importance of living in harmony with nature and respecting the interconnectedness of all living beings, recognizing the intrinsic value of the natural world.

Sustainable development is an ethical principle that advocates for the sustainable use of resources to meet the needs of both present and future generations, ensuring the long-term viability of the environment.

Virtue ethics is an ethical principle that emphasizes the importance of developing moral character and virtues, such as compassion, respect, and integrity, to guide ethical decision-making.

Ecocentrism is an ethical principle that assigns inherent value to the natural world and ecosystems, regardless of their usefulness or significance to humans.

Intergenerational equity refers to the ethical principle that emphasizes the responsibility of the present generation to protect and preserve the environment for the benefit of future generations.

Environmental justice is an ethical principle that promotes fairness and equity in the distribution of environmental benefits and burdens, ensuring that no particular group or community bears a disproportionate share of environmental risks or negative impacts.

Animal rights is an ethical principle that emphasizes the inherent value of non-human animals and their right to be treated with respect and consideration, free from unnecessary suffering or exploitation.