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Social Theory and Sociological Perspectives

Description: This quiz covers fundamental concepts, theories, and perspectives in sociology. Test your understanding of the discipline's core ideas and their application in analyzing social phenomena.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: sociology social theory sociological perspectives social structure social interaction social change
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Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of social conflict and power struggles in shaping society?

  1. Symbolic Interactionism

  2. Structural Functionalism

  3. Conflict Theory

  4. Feminist Theory


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Conflict Theory posits that society is characterized by inherent conflicts between different groups or classes, leading to social change and transformation.

The concept of the 'looking-glass self' is associated with which sociological perspective?

  1. Symbolic Interactionism

  2. Structural Functionalism

  3. Conflict Theory

  4. Feminist Theory


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Symbolic Interactionism emphasizes the role of symbols and interactions in shaping self-concept and identity, including the idea that individuals develop a sense of self through social interactions.

According to Talcott Parsons, which of the following is a primary function of the family in society?

  1. Socialization of Children

  2. Economic Production

  3. Political Leadership

  4. Religious Rituals


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Parsons' Structural Functionalism theory views the family as primarily responsible for socializing children and transmitting cultural values.

The concept of 'social stratification' refers to the:

  1. Division of Labor in Society

  2. Hierarchy of Social Classes

  3. Distribution of Wealth and Resources

  4. All of the Above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Social stratification encompasses the division of labor, social classes, and the distribution of wealth and resources, creating hierarchical structures within society.

Which sociological perspective focuses on the role of gender in shaping social interactions and experiences?

  1. Symbolic Interactionism

  2. Structural Functionalism

  3. Conflict Theory

  4. Feminist Theory


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Feminist Theory analyzes how gender influences social structures, power dynamics, and individual experiences, challenging traditional gender roles and inequalities.

The concept of 'anomie' is associated with which sociologist?

  1. Émile Durkheim

  2. Max Weber

  3. Karl Marx

  4. George Herbert Mead


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Durkheim's concept of anomie refers to a state of normlessness and social disorganization, often leading to deviance and social unrest.

Which sociological theory emphasizes the role of social institutions in maintaining social order and stability?

  1. Symbolic Interactionism

  2. Structural Functionalism

  3. Conflict Theory

  4. Feminist Theory


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Structural Functionalism posits that social institutions, such as the family, education, and religion, serve specific functions in maintaining social equilibrium and order.

The concept of 'habitus' is associated with which sociologist?

  1. Pierre Bourdieu

  2. Anthony Giddens

  3. Jürgen Habermas

  4. Erving Goffman


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bourdieu's concept of habitus refers to the embodied dispositions and cultural practices that shape individuals' perceptions, actions, and social interactions.

Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of everyday interactions and the construction of social reality?

  1. Symbolic Interactionism

  2. Structural Functionalism

  3. Conflict Theory

  4. Feminist Theory


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Symbolic Interactionism focuses on how individuals interpret and negotiate meanings through social interactions, shaping their understanding of the world.

The concept of 'social capital' refers to the:

  1. Value of Social Networks

  2. Economic Resources of Individuals

  3. Cultural Heritage of a Society

  4. All of the Above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Social capital encompasses the value of social networks and relationships in providing individuals with access to resources, information, and support.

Which sociological theory emphasizes the role of power and domination in shaping social structures and interactions?

  1. Symbolic Interactionism

  2. Structural Functionalism

  3. Conflict Theory

  4. Feminist Theory


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Conflict Theory posits that power and domination are central to understanding social inequality and social change.

The concept of 'reflexivity' is associated with which sociologist?

  1. Anthony Giddens

  2. Jürgen Habermas

  3. Erving Goffman

  4. Pierre Bourdieu


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Giddens' concept of reflexivity refers to individuals' capacity to reflect on their own actions and social practices, shaping their understanding of the world.

Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of language and communication in shaping social reality?

  1. Symbolic Interactionism

  2. Structural Functionalism

  3. Conflict Theory

  4. Feminist Theory


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Symbolic Interactionism emphasizes the role of language and communication in constructing and negotiating meanings, shaping social interactions and identities.

The concept of 'social construction of reality' refers to the:

  1. Subjective Interpretation of Social Phenomena

  2. Objective Measurement of Social Facts

  3. Influence of Social Institutions on Individuals

  4. All of the Above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The social construction of reality posits that individuals and groups actively construct and interpret social meanings and realities through their interactions.

Which sociological theory emphasizes the role of culture in shaping social behavior and social structures?

  1. Symbolic Interactionism

  2. Structural Functionalism

  3. Conflict Theory

  4. Cultural Theory


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cultural Theory focuses on how cultural values, beliefs, and practices shape social behavior, social interactions, and social structures.

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