The availability heuristic is a cognitive bias that occurs when people make judgments based on the ease with which information comes to mind. This can lead to overestimating the likelihood of events that are vivid and emotionally charged, even if they are statistically rare.

The self-serving bias is a cognitive bias that occurs when people attribute positive outcomes to their own internal factors, such as their skills or abilities, and negative outcomes to external factors, such as bad luck or other people's actions.

The serial position effect is a cognitive principle that describes the tendency for people to remember items that are presented at the beginning or end of a list better than items that are presented in the middle. This effect is caused by the primacy effect and the recency effect.

Perception is the cognitive process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to create a meaningful representation of the world. This process involves selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory information to create a coherent and meaningful experience of the world.

Selective attention is the cognitive principle that suggests that people are more likely to pay attention to information that is relevant to their current goals or needs. This is because the brain is limited in its capacity to process information, so it must focus on the most relevant information in order to make decisions and take action.

Memory is the cognitive process of storing and retrieving information. This process involves encoding, storing, and retrieving information in order to use it later.

The anchoring bias is a cognitive bias that occurs when people make decisions based on the first piece of information that comes to mind. This can lead to making decisions that are not based on all of the available information.

Brand loyalty is the tendency to prefer products that are familiar or well-known. This is because familiar products are perceived as being less risky and more trustworthy.

The picture superiority effect is a cognitive principle that suggests that people are more likely to remember information that is presented in a visual format. This is because visual information is processed more quickly and easily by the brain than verbal information.

Cognition is the cognitive process of making decisions and solving problems. This process involves using information from the environment and from memory to make decisions and take action.

The confirmation bias is a cognitive bias that occurs when people seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs. This can lead to making decisions that are not based on all of the available information.

Emotional decision-making is the tendency to make decisions based on emotions rather than logic. This can lead to making decisions that are not based on all of the available information.

Meaningful learning is the cognitive principle that suggests that people are more likely to remember information that is presented in a meaningful context. This is because meaningful information is more easily organized and stored in memory.

Heuristics are mental shortcuts that people use to make decisions and solve problems. These shortcuts can be helpful in making quick decisions, but they can also lead to errors.

The framing effect is a cognitive bias that occurs when people make decisions based on the way information is presented. This can lead to making decisions that are not based on all of the available information.