Siege towers were tall, movable structures used to transport soldiers to the top of city walls during a siege.

The Romans were known for their innovative and effective siege tactics, including the use of siege towers, battering rams, and catapults.

Battering rams were heavy, pointed logs used to break down city gates and fortifications during a siege.

Catapults were powerful machines used to launch projectiles, such as rocks, boulders, and flaming arrows, at enemy positions.

The Romans were known for their use of siege tunnels, which allowed them to undermine enemy fortifications and gain access to besieged cities.

Moats were deep, wide ditches filled with water or other obstacles, used to protect besieged cities from attack.

The Greeks were known for their extensive use of siege towers, which they employed in many of their military campaigns.

Drawbridges were movable bridges that could be raised or lowered to allow troops to cross moats and other obstacles during a siege.

The Romans were known for their innovative use of siege mines, which they employed to undermine enemy fortifications and cause them to collapse.

Palisades were fences made of sharpened wooden stakes, used to protect besieged cities from attack.

The Romans were known for their extensive use of siege ramps, which they employed to allow their troops to scale city walls and fortifications.

Mantlets were large shields used to protect soldiers from enemy fire during a siege.

The Greeks were known for their innovative use of siege artillery, including catapults and ballistae.

Chevaux-de-frise were obstacles made of sharpened stakes, used to protect besieged cities from attack.

The Greeks were known for their extensive use of siege towers, which they employed in many of their military campaigns.