In situ bioremediation is a technique where microorganisms are applied directly to the contaminated site to break down and remove contaminants without removing the soil or groundwater.

Phytoremediation is a technique that uses plants to absorb and remove contaminants from soil and water through their roots, stems, and leaves.

Bioaugmentation is a technique where specific microorganisms are added to a contaminated site to enhance the biodegradation of contaminants by increasing the microbial population capable of degrading the contaminants.

Ex situ bioremediation involves the removal of contaminated soil or groundwater from a site for treatment and then returning it to the site after the contaminants have been removed or reduced.

Bioremediation of solid waste involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from solid waste, such as municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and agricultural waste.

Bioremediation of wastewater involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from wastewater, such as domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, and agricultural wastewater.

Bioremediation of air involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from air, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx).

Bioremediation of sediments involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from sediments, such as river sediments, lake sediments, and marine sediments.

Bioremediation of groundwater involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from groundwater, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), chlorinated solvents, and heavy metals.

Bioremediation of surface water involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from surface water, such as rivers, lakes, and streams.

Bioremediation of soil involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from soil, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, and heavy metals.

Bioremediation of marine environments involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from marine environments, such as oil spills, ballast water, and sewage discharge.

Bioremediation of freshwater environments involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from freshwater environments, such as rivers, lakes, and streams.

Bioremediation of subsurface environments involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from subsurface environments, such as soil, groundwater, and sediments.

Bioremediation of the atmosphere involves the use of microorganisms to break down and remove contaminants from the atmosphere, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx).