Formalist theory emphasizes the importance of the artwork's form and structure, rather than its content or meaning.

Expressivist theory focuses on the artist's subjective experience and the expression of their inner emotions and feelings through the artwork.

Marxist theory views art as a reflection of the economic and social structures of society and emphasizes its potential to critique and transform those structures.

Cognitivist theory holds that moral judgments can be true or false and that there are objective moral facts that can be known through reason.

Non-cognitivist theory denies that moral judgments can be true or false and instead views them as expressions of personal feelings or attitudes.

Deontological theories, such as Kantian ethics, focus on the inherent rightness or wrongness of actions, regardless of their consequences.

Utilitarianism evaluates actions based on their overall consequences, aiming to maximize happiness and minimize suffering.

Virtue ethics emphasizes the cultivation of moral virtues, such as honesty, courage, and compassion, as the foundation for ethical behavior.

Existentialist ethics emphasizes the importance of individual freedom, choice, and responsibility in creating one's own authentic existence.

The categorical imperative is a central principle in Kantian ethics, requiring us to act on principles that could be universally applied to all rational beings.

Moral relativism holds that moral values are not absolute but rather are relative to the cultural, historical, and social context in which they are held.

Ethics of care emphasizes the importance of relationships, empathy, and the well-being of others in moral decision-making.

The Golden Rule is often associated with virtue ethics, which emphasizes the importance of developing good character traits, such as kindness and compassion, as the foundation for ethical behavior.

Social contract theory emphasizes the importance of justice and fairness in moral decision-making, arguing that individuals have a moral obligation to obey laws and rules that are fair and just.

The veil of ignorance is a concept used in Rawlsian justice theory, which argues that just principles of justice are those that would be agreed upon by rational individuals who are ignorant of their own social position and circumstances.