Metaethics primarily focuses on analyzing the meaning and structure of moral language, concepts, and propositions.

Utilitarianism is a consequentialist theory that judges the morality of an action based on its overall consequences and the amount of happiness or well-being it produces.

Kantian Ethics, proposed by Immanuel Kant, revolves around the Categorical Imperative, a moral principle that guides actions based on universal moral laws and duties.

Virtue Ethics, often associated with Aristotle, focuses on cultivating moral virtues and character traits, such as courage, honesty, and temperance, as the foundation for ethical behavior.

Moral Particularism emphasizes the significance of specific contexts, circumstances, and individual situations in making moral judgments, rather than relying solely on abstract principles.

Moral Relativism asserts that moral values and principles are relative to individuals, cultures, or societies, and there is no objective or universal standard of right and wrong.

Ethical Egoism posits that individuals should prioritize their own interests and well-being above the interests of others in making moral decisions.

Deontology, often associated with Immanuel Kant, emphasizes the inherent rightness or wrongness of actions based on moral rules and principles, rather than their consequences.

The Golden Mean in Aristotle's Virtue Ethics emphasizes finding a balance between extremes in moral behavior, avoiding both deficiency and excess.

Moral Absolutism asserts that there are objective and universal moral truths that apply to all individuals and cultures, regardless of their personal beliefs or societal norms.

Moral Skepticism questions the possibility of obtaining objective and certain moral knowledge, arguing that moral claims are subjective and lack a solid foundation.

Virtue Ethics, particularly in its Aristotelian form, emphasizes the role of intentions, motives, and character traits in determining the moral worth of actions.

Moral Nihilism asserts that there are no objective moral truths or values, and all moral claims are ultimately subjective and devoid of any real meaning.

Utilitarianism, particularly in its classical form, posits that the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined solely by its consequences, aiming to maximize overall happiness or well-being.

The Natural Law theory posits that moral values and principles are inherent in human nature and can be discovered through reason, providing a foundation for objective moral judgments.