Akshapada Gautama is considered to be the founder of the Nyaya School. He lived in the 6th century BCE and wrote the Nyaya Sutras, which set out the school's basic principles.

The central focus of the Nyaya School is logic. The school developed a system of logic that is used to analyze arguments and determine their validity.

The Nyaya Sutras are a collection of aphorisms that set out the basic principles of the Nyaya School. The text was written by Akshapada Gautama in the 6th century BCE.

The primary method of inquiry used by the Nyaya School is deduction. The school uses a system of logic to derive conclusions from premises that are known to be true.

The Nyaya School believes that the world is composed of both atoms and consciousness. The school argues that atoms are the building blocks of the physical world, while consciousness is the principle that gives rise to experience.

The Nyaya School believes that the soul is eternal and unchanging. The school argues that the soul is a substance that is distinct from the body and that it continues to exist after death.

The Nyaya School believes that liberation is the goal of human life. The school argues that liberation is achieved through knowledge of the true nature of reality.

The Nyaya School believes that knowledge and action are equally important. The school argues that knowledge is necessary for right action, but that action is also necessary for the attainment of liberation.

The Nyaya School believes that the state should play an active role in society. The school argues that the state is necessary to maintain order and justice, and to promote the welfare of its citizens.

The Nyaya School believes that religion and philosophy are compatible. The school argues that religion and philosophy are both concerned with the search for truth, and that they can complement each other.

The Nyaya School believes that the future of humanity is uncertain. The school argues that the future of humanity depends on the choices that humans make, and that it is impossible to predict what those choices will be.

The Nyaya School recognizes four categories of perception: sound, touch, taste, and smell. Color is not included in this list.

Affirming the consequent is a logical fallacy that occurs when someone assumes that because the consequent of a conditional statement is true, the antecedent must also be true.

Denying the antecedent is a logical fallacy that occurs when someone assumes that because the antecedent of a conditional statement is false, the consequent must also be false.

Ad ignorantiam is a logical fallacy that occurs when someone assumes that a statement is true simply because it has not been proven false, or that a statement is false simply because it has not been proven true.