The 1951 Refugee Convention places the primary responsibility on states to ensure the cessation of refugee status when the grounds for recognition no longer exist, such as when a refugee's circumstances change or when their country of origin becomes safe for their return.

In the United States, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is responsible for determining the cessation of refugee status through a process known as the cessation of refugee status procedure.

The main grounds for the cessation of refugee status in the United States include voluntary repatriation, acquisition of a new nationality, and durable solutions in the country of origin, such as the cessation of persecution or armed conflict.

The cessation of refugee status procedure in the United States can be initiated either by USCIS based on information it receives or by the refugee requesting the cessation of their own status.

The cessation of refugee status in the United States can result in the loss of refugee benefits and protections, as well as deportation or removal from the country.

Refugees facing the cessation of their status in the United States have the right to a hearing before an immigration judge, the right to legal representation, and the right to appeal a decision of cessation.

The cessation of refugee status in the United States can be challenging due to the difficulty in determining whether the grounds for cessation exist, the potential for refoulement or return to persecution, and the lack of durable solutions in some countries of origin.

Best practices for ensuring a fair and just cessation of refugee status procedure include providing refugees with access to legal representation, ensuring that decisions are based on accurate and up-to-date information, and considering the individual circumstances of each refugee.

International organizations such as the UNHCR play a role in the cessation of refugee status by providing technical assistance to states, monitoring the implementation of cessation procedures, and advocating for the rights of refugees.

The cessation of refugee status can be prevented by promoting durable solutions in countries of origin, addressing the root causes of displacement, and supporting refugees in their integration efforts.

Ethical considerations related to the cessation of refugee status include the duty to protect refugees from refoulement, the right to seek asylum and protection, and the principle of non-discrimination.

The cessation of refugee status can be used as a tool for political manipulation by arbitrarily revoking refugee status for political reasons, using the threat of cessation to pressure refugees into returning to their home country, and denying refugees access to fair and just cessation procedures.

Refugees who have their status ceased may face challenges such as loss of access to essential services and benefits, increased risk of discrimination and xenophobia, and difficulty finding employment and housing.

Best practices for supporting refugees who have their status ceased include providing them with access to legal and social services, assisting them in finding employment and housing, and promoting their integration into their new communities.

The international community can work together to address the challenges related to the cessation of refugee status by promoting durable solutions in countries of origin, supporting refugees in their integration efforts, and holding states accountable for their obligations under international law.