Sustainable development aims to strike a balance between meeting the needs of the present generation and preserving the environment for future generations.

Economic growth is not a key principle of sustainable development, as it can often lead to environmental degradation. The other three options are all key principles.

Resource conservation is the process of using resources in a way that does not deplete them, while resource exploitation is the process of extracting resources from the environment without regard for their long-term availability.

Solar energy is a renewable resource because it is constantly replenished by the sun. Fossil fuels, minerals, and groundwater are all non-renewable resources, meaning that they cannot be replenished once they are used up.

Natural gas is a non-renewable resource because it is formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals that have been buried and subjected to high pressure and temperature over millions of years. Wind energy, hydropower, and biomass are all renewable resources.

The main cause of deforestation is human activities, such as logging, agriculture, and development. Natural disasters and climate change can also contribute to deforestation, but they are not the main cause.

Deforestation is a major cause of loss of habitat for wildlife, as it destroys the natural habitats of many species. Increased biodiversity, improved soil quality, and reduced carbon dioxide levels are not major consequences of deforestation.

Resource efficiency is the process of using resources more efficiently, while resource conservation is the process of using resources in a way that does not deplete them. Resource extraction is the process of extracting resources from the environment, and resource depletion is the process of using up resources faster than they can be replenished.

Compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) are an example of a resource-efficient technology because they use less energy than incandescent light bulbs to produce the same amount of light. Diesel engines and gasoline engines are not as resource-efficient as CFLs.

Waste reduction is the process of reducing the amount of waste produced, while waste disposal is the process of getting rid of waste. Waste recycling is the process of converting waste into new materials, and waste incineration is the process of burning waste to generate energy.

Using reusable shopping bags is an example of a waste reduction strategy because it reduces the amount of plastic bags that are produced and discarded. Composting food scraps, recycling plastic bottles, and burning garbage are not waste reduction strategies.

Waste recycling is the process of converting waste into new materials, while waste reduction is the process of reducing the amount of waste produced, waste disposal is the process of getting rid of waste, and waste incineration is the process of burning waste to generate energy.

Composting food scraps is an example of a waste recycling program because it converts food scraps into a new material (compost) that can be used to fertilize plants. Donating clothes to charity, burning garbage, and landfilling waste are not waste recycling programs.

Waste incineration is the process of burning waste to generate energy, while waste reduction is the process of reducing the amount of waste produced, waste disposal is the process of getting rid of waste, and waste recycling is the process of converting waste into new materials.

An incinerator is an example of a waste incineration facility, as it burns waste to generate energy. A landfill is a place where waste is buried, a recycling center is a place where waste is converted into new materials, and a composting facility is a place where food scraps are converted into compost.