The primary objective of food safety practices is to prevent foodborne illness and ensure the safety of consumers by controlling and eliminating hazards that can cause foodborne diseases.

Food irradiation is a process that involves exposing food to high doses of radiation, typically gamma rays or electron beams, to kill bacteria, viruses, parasites, and other microorganisms that can cause foodborne illness.

The primary purpose of food irradiation is to reduce the risk of foodborne illness by eliminating harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause foodborne diseases.

Food irradiation is effective in controlling a wide range of foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria monocytogenes, which are responsible for some of the most common foodborne illnesses.

The maximum radiation dose allowed for food irradiation in the United States is 1 kGy (kiloGray), which is equivalent to 1000 Gray (Gy).

In the United States, chicken, beef, and pork are among the most commonly irradiated foods.

Irradiating spices and herbs is primarily done to eliminate harmful microorganisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, which can cause foodborne illness.

Food irradiation offers several advantages over other food preservation methods, including the fact that it does not alter the nutritional value of food, does not require the use of chemicals, and is generally more cost-effective.

The World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) all play a role in setting standards and guidelines for food irradiation.

Irradiated food should be stored refrigerated (4°C or below) to maintain its quality and safety.

The acceptance of food irradiation varies from country to country. While it is widely accepted in some countries, it is banned or restricted in others.

The primary concern regarding the safety of irradiated food is the potential formation of harmful compounds, such as free radicals, during the irradiation process.

The recommended maximum absorbed dose for irradiating fruits and vegetables is 1 kGy (kiloGray), which is equivalent to 1000 Gray (Gy).

Food irradiation does not improve the nutritional value of food. In fact, it may slightly reduce the levels of some nutrients, such as vitamin C and thiamine.

Regulatory agencies play a crucial role in ensuring the safety of irradiated food by setting standards and guidelines, monitoring and inspecting food irradiation facilities, and conducting research on the safety of food irradiation.