In many developing countries, women are primarily responsible for planting and harvesting crops, as well as other tasks related to crop production.

Gender inequality can manifest in various ways that limit women's access to food, including unequal access to land, income, decision-making power, and employment opportunities.

Food insecurity can have severe consequences for women and girls, including increased risk of malnutrition, anemia, maternal and child mortality, reduced educational attainment, and increased vulnerability to violence and exploitation.

Gender-responsive agricultural policies and programs can contribute to food security by addressing the specific needs and constraints faced by women farmers and producers.

Women play a crucial role in preserving and storing food through various methods, such as drying, smoking, fermenting, pickling, and storing foods in appropriate conditions.

Women's empowerment can lead to improved nutrition for families and communities through increased investment in children's nutrition, better knowledge of nutrition and health, and greater control over household resources.

Women farmers often face challenges in accessing agricultural inputs and services due to limited access to credit and financial services, lack of information and training, and gender-biased extension services.

Gender-sensitive agricultural research can contribute to food security by developing technologies that are appropriate for women's needs, involving women in the research process, and disseminating research findings in accessible ways.

Men can play a crucial role in promoting gender equality in food security by challenging gender stereotypes and norms, supporting women's participation in decision-making, and sharing household responsibilities and childcare.

Governments and international organizations can support gender equality in food security by adopting gender-responsive agricultural policies and programs, investing in women's education and empowerment, and promoting women's land rights and access to productive resources.

Gender equality and food security are mutually reinforcing, meaning that progress in one area can lead to progress in the other.

Women's participation in agricultural cooperatives and producer organizations can contribute to food security by increasing women's access to markets and information, providing opportunities for collective action and decision-making, and strengthening women's bargaining power.

Key indicators used to measure gender equality in food security include women's access to land and productive resources, women's participation in decision-making, and women's control over household income.

Gender-responsive social protection programs can contribute to food security by providing cash transfers or food assistance to vulnerable women and their families, supporting women's access to education, healthcare, and childcare services, and promoting women's economic empowerment.

Women play a crucial role in food processing and preparation, including milling and grinding grains, preparing meals and preserving food, and brewing and fermenting beverages.