Party members are more likely to vote for candidates from their own party.

Party members are more likely to vote for candidates from the opposite party.

Party members are more likely to vote for independent candidates.

Party members are more likely to abstain from voting.

Party members are more likely to turn out to vote than non-members.

Party members are less likely to turn out to vote than non-members.

Party membership has no effect on voter turnout.

The relationship between party membership and voter turnout is unclear.

Party members are more likely to be politically polarized than non-members.

Party members are less likely to be politically polarized than non-members.

Party membership has no effect on political polarization.

The relationship between party membership and political polarization is unclear.

Party members are more likely to perceive political issues in a partisan way.

Party members are less likely to perceive political issues in a partisan way.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters perceive political issues.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters perceive political issues is unclear.

Party members are more likely to evaluate political candidates based on their party affiliation.

Party members are less likely to evaluate political candidates based on their party affiliation.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters evaluate political candidates.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters evaluate political candidates is unclear.

Party members are more likely to vote for candidates from their own party.

Party members are less likely to vote for candidates from their own party.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters vote in elections.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters vote in elections is unclear.

Party members are more likely to participate in political activities than non-members.

Party members are less likely to participate in political activities than non-members.

Party membership has no effect on political participation.

The relationship between party membership and political participation is unclear.

Party members are more likely to view the political system favorably.

Party members are less likely to view the political system favorably.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters view the political system.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters view the political system is unclear.

Party members are more likely to forgive political scandals involving their own party.

Party members are less likely to forgive political scandals involving their own party.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters respond to political scandals.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters respond to political scandals is unclear.

Party members are more likely to believe that the government should play an active role in society.

Party members are less likely to believe that the government should play an active role in society.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters perceive the role of government.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters perceive the role of government is unclear.

Party members are more likely to trust the media.

Party members are less likely to trust the media.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters perceive the role of the media.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters perceive the role of the media is unclear.

Party members are more likely to believe that interest groups have a positive influence on the political system.

Party members are less likely to believe that interest groups have a positive influence on the political system.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters perceive the role of interest groups.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters perceive the role of interest groups is unclear.

Party members are more likely to believe that political parties are essential to the functioning of democracy.

Party members are less likely to believe that political parties are essential to the functioning of democracy.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters perceive the role of political parties.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters perceive the role of political parties is unclear.

Party members are more likely to believe that elections are a fair and accurate way to choose leaders.

Party members are less likely to believe that elections are a fair and accurate way to choose leaders.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters perceive the role of elections.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters perceive the role of elections is unclear.

Party members are more likely to believe that the Constitution is a sacred document that should not be changed.

Party members are less likely to believe that the Constitution is a sacred document that should not be changed.

Party membership has no effect on the way voters perceive the role of the Constitution.

The relationship between party membership and the way voters perceive the role of the Constitution is unclear.