Assessment in professional development is primarily focused on providing feedback and identifying areas for improvement, rather than making decisions about certification or licensure.

Formative assessment in teacher education is used to provide feedback to teachers on their teaching practices and to identify areas where they can improve.

Standardized testing is typically used for student assessment, not teacher assessment. Portfolio assessment, performance assessment, and observation are all types of summative assessment used in teacher education.

Assessment of learning is used to measure student achievement at the end of a unit or course, while assessment for learning is used to provide feedback to students throughout the learning process.

Bias is not a characteristic of effective assessment. Effective assessment should be valid, reliable, and authentic.

Self-assessment in professional development is used to help participants identify areas where they can improve their teaching practices.

Benchmark assessment is typically used for student assessment, not teacher assessment. Diagnostic assessment, formative assessment, and summative assessment are all types of assessment used in teacher education.

Summative assessment in professional development is used to make decisions about certification or licensure.

Standardized testing is typically used for student assessment, not teacher assessment. Observation, self-assessment, and peer assessment are all types of formative assessment used in teacher education.

Criterion-referenced assessment compares students to a set of predetermined standards, while norm-referenced assessment compares students to each other.

Standardized testing is typically used for student assessment, not professional development assessment. Self-assessment, peer assessment, and 360-degree feedback are all types of assessment used in professional development.

Evaluation in professional development is used to measure the effectiveness of professional development programs.

Needs assessment is typically conducted before a professional development program is implemented, not after. Process evaluation, outcome evaluation, and impact evaluation are all types of evaluation used in professional development.

Process evaluation focuses on the implementation of a professional development program, while outcome evaluation focuses on the results of the program.

Needs assessment is typically conducted before a professional development program is implemented, not after. Return on investment (ROI), cost-benefit analysis, and social return on investment (SROI) are all types of impact evaluation used in professional development.