Tempera, a mixture of pigments and egg yolk, was the primary painting material used during the Renaissance period.

Oil paints, made from pigments suspended in oil, became widely used in the 19th century due to their versatility and ability to create rich, layered effects.

Acrylic paints, made from pigments suspended in acrylic resin, are known for their fast drying time and allow artists to work quickly and spontaneously.

Watercolors, made from pigments mixed with water and gum arabic, are known for their transparency and ability to create luminous, ethereal effects.

Gouache, made from pigments mixed with water and a binder such as gum arabic, is similar to watercolor but has a higher concentration of pigments, resulting in more opaque and vibrant colors.

Oil paints were commonly used by Impressionist artists due to their ability to create rich, layered effects and capture the subtle variations of light and color.

Collage, the technique of combining various materials and objects onto a canvas, was a favored medium among Surrealists as it allowed them to juxtapose disparate elements and create unexpected and dreamlike compositions.

Oil paints were widely used by Abstract Expressionists due to their versatility and ability to create thick, gestural brushstrokes that conveyed a sense of energy and emotion.

Acrylic paints were favored by Pop artists due to their quick-drying properties and their ability to create bold, flat colors, which suited the graphic and commercial aesthetic of the movement.

Acrylic paints were commonly used by Minimalists due to their ability to create smooth, uniform surfaces and their suitability for creating large-scale works with clean lines and simple forms.

Mixed media, the combination of various materials and techniques, was often used by Conceptual artists to convey complex ideas and challenge traditional notions of art and its materiality.

Spray paint, with its quick-drying properties and ability to create bold, vibrant lines, became the primary medium for Street artists, allowing them to create large-scale murals and graffiti works in public spaces.

Oil paints were favored by Neo-Expressionists due to their ability to create rich, textured surfaces and convey a sense of emotional intensity and rawness.

Oil paints were widely used by Contemporary Realists due to their versatility, their ability to create smooth transitions and subtle details, and their suitability for capturing the nuances of light and shadow.

Digital software, such as graphic design and painting applications, became the primary medium for Digital Artists, allowing them to create artworks using a wide range of digital brushes, tools, and effects.