Marxism, with its focus on class struggle and economic determinism, provides a framework for understanding how social class divisions influence political power and policy outcomes.

Policy analysis in political sociology aims to assess the outcomes and impacts of public policies, using empirical methods and theoretical frameworks to evaluate their effectiveness and efficiency.

Interest group politics involves organized efforts by groups to influence policymaking, often through lobbying, campaign contributions, and other forms of political engagement.

Policy sociologization refers to the integration of sociological theories, methods, and findings into the policymaking process, aiming to improve policy outcomes by considering social factors and dynamics.

Cultural theory in political sociology explores how cultural values and beliefs, such as individualism, egalitarianism, and hierarchy, influence political orientations and policy preferences.

Policy capture refers to the situation where a particular interest group or elite exerts undue influence on policymaking, leading to policies that primarily benefit their interests.

Social network analysis in political sociology examines how social networks and connections influence political attitudes, behaviors, and policy decisions.

Policy bargaining involves negotiations and compromises among various stakeholders to reach agreements on policy decisions, often resulting in incremental policy changes.

Institutionalism in political sociology focuses on the role of institutions, such as government agencies, political parties, and interest groups, in shaping policy outcomes and political behavior.

Policy implementation involves the translation of policy decisions into concrete actions and programs by government agencies and other responsible entities.

Symbolic interactionism in political sociology explores how individuals interpret and make sense of political symbols, meanings, and interactions, shaping their political attitudes and behaviors.

Policy evaluation involves systematic assessments of public policies to determine their outcomes, impacts, and effectiveness, often using empirical methods and data analysis.

Social movement theory in political sociology examines how social movements mobilize resources, strategies, and collective action to influence policy decisions and promote social change.

Multi-level governance involves the interactions and negotiations between different levels of government, often leading to complex policy outcomes and challenges in policy coordination.

Discourse analysis in political sociology examines how language and discourse are used to construct political meanings, identities, and policy narratives, shaping public opinion and policy decisions.